SETI Live

One of the coldest planetary-mass objects ever directly imaged has been hiding something unusual in its atmosphere: salt clouds.

Known as the "Pink Planet," GJ 504 b is a mysterious world orbiting a Sun-like star about 57 light-years from Earth. At roughly 25 times Jupiter's mass, it lies near the uncertain boundary between giant planets and brown dwarfs. It is also so cold and faint that previous attempts to study its atmosphere from the ground were unsuccessful.

Now, JWST has captured the first direct spectrum of GJ 504 b. The observations revealed an atmosphere containing water vapor, methane, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and other molecules. When researchers modeled the spectrum, they found that clouds—particularly salt clouds—were essential to explaining what JWST observed.

Join host Dr. Moiya McTier and lead author Dr. Aneesh Baburaj (Northwestern University) to learn how astronomers separated the faint light of GJ 504 b from the glare of its host star, what salt clouds can tell us about cold planetary atmospheres, and why scientists still are not sure whether the Pink Planet formed like a planet or a star.

Read the paper: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ae6919

Read the Northwestern University story: https://news.northwestern.edu/stories/2026/06/famous-pink-planet-harbors-a-salty-surprise

NASA's next great observatory is here.

The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is designed to revolutionize our understanding of the universe, from dark energy to thousands of newly discovered exoplanets. But one of its most exciting instruments is the Coronagraph—a cutting-edge technology that can block the overwhelming glare of distant stars, allowing astronomers to directly observe planets orbiting them.

Joining host Dr. Franck Marchis is Dr. Margaret Turnbull, senior scientist at the SETI Institute and Co-Principal Investigator on Roman's Coronagraph Instrument. She'll explain how this remarkable technology works, what we'll learn from the mission, and why Roman is paving the way toward future telescopes capable of imaging Earth-like worlds.

We'll discuss: • Why Roman is NASA's newest flagship space observatory • How a coronagraph "creates an artificial eclipse" • The challenge of directly imaging exoplanets • What Roman will reveal about giant planets and planetary systems • How Roman prepares us to search for potentially habitable worlds • What excites scientists most as launch approaches

Whether you're fascinated by exoplanets, space telescopes, or the search for life beyond Earth, this episode offers a behind-the-scenes look at one of NASA's most ambitious missions.

Fifty years ago, on July 20, 1976, Viking 1 became the first spacecraft to successfully land and operate on Mars, transforming our understanding of the Red Planet and launching a new era of planetary exploration. Today, sophisticated robotic explorers like Curiosity and Perseverance continue that legacy, searching for signs of ancient habitability and preparing the way for future human missions.

Join host Dr. Simon Steel and planetary scientist Dr. Pascal Lee as they explore the remarkable history of Mars rovers and landers—from Viking, Sojourner, Spirit, Opportunity, Curiosity, and Perseverance to the next generation of robotic explorers being developed for Mars, the Moon, and beyond. They'll discuss what we've learned from five decades of exploration, the technologies that made it possible, and where robotic exploration may take us next. Recent concepts even include adapting Mars rover technology for future lunar missions.

What have Mars rovers taught us about our neighboring world? What mysteries remain unsolved? And what might the next 50 years of planetary exploration look like?

Are we searching for extraterrestrial intelligence the wrong way?

For decades, SETI researchers have focused on finding narrowband radio signals that might stand out from the natural universe. But what if an advanced civilization that wanted to communicate chose a very different strategy?

Join host Dr. Lauren Sgro and UCLA astronomer Dr. Ben Zuckerman as they discuss his new paper, Broadband Searches for Extraterrestrial Technological Intelligence: A New Strategy to Find Nearby Alien Civilizations. The research proposes a new approach to SETI that focuses on broadband signals and existing astronomical surveys, potentially changing how we search for evidence of technological civilizations beyond Earth.

Could signs of extraterrestrial technology already be hidden in data we've collected for entirely different purposes? What can current observations tell us about the likelihood of nearby communicative civilizations? And what does the cosmos's apparent silence really mean?

Paper: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae4c38

Could hazy exoplanet atmospheres be hiding important clues about alien worlds?

Many potentially habitable planets orbit small, active stars that frequently unleash powerful bursts of ultraviolet radiation. New research shows that this radiation can alter the chemistry and optical properties of atmospheric hazes, changing what astronomers see when they observe these distant worlds.

Join host Dr. Moiya McTier as she welcomes graduate researcher Lori Huseby (University of Arizona) and Dr. Sarah Moran (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) to discuss how laboratory experiments are helping scientists understand how stellar radiation affects water-rich exoplanet atmospheres. Their findings could improve how we interpret James Webb Space Telescope observations and future missions searching for signs of habitability beyond our Solar System.

How do stellar flares reshape alien skies? What do atmospheric hazes tell us about a planet's environment? And could understanding these hazes help us identify worlds capable of supporting life?

Paper: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae6cdb

The James Webb Space Telescope is transforming our understanding of exoplanets—but what happens when clouds get in the way? Astronomers have developed a new method to detect clouds and hazes in distant planetary atmospheres, helping researchers determine when they're seeing the planet itself and when weather obscures the view.

Join SETI Live as host Dr. Lauren Sgro welcomes lead author Dr. Sagnick Mukherjee to discuss this innovative method, how it works, and what it means for the future of exoplanet science and the search for life beyond Earth.

Press release: https://hub.jhu.edu/2026/05/21/astronomy-exoplanet-atmospheres-detecting-clouds/

Paper: http://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adx5903

What happens after we discover evidence of extraterrestrial intelligence?

The International Academy of Astronautics has just ratified the first major update to the SETI post-detection protocols in more than 15 years. These new guidelines address the realities of today's world, including social media, AI-generated misinformation, deepfakes, international coordination, and the challenge of responsibly communicating extraordinary discoveries.

At the same time, the SETI Institute has launched the Discovery and Futures Lab, a new interdisciplinary initiative dedicated to exploring the scientific, social, ethical, legal, and cultural implications of discovering life beyond Earth.

Join host Dr. Lauren Sgro and guests Dr. Lucian Walkowicz and Dr. Chelsea Haramia as they discuss what these new protocols mean, why humanity needs to prepare for transformative discoveries before they happen, and how scientists, policymakers, communicators, and the public might respond if we ever receive convincing evidence that we are not alone.

Could humanity agree on how to respond? How do we combat misinformation? Who gets to speak for Earth? And what can history teach us about one of the biggest discoveries in human history?

Tune in for a fascinating conversation about the future of discovery, responsibility, and our place in the cosmos.

Press release on the updated protocols: https://www.seti.org/news/beyond-disclosure-day/

Press release on the Discovery and Futures Lab: https://www.seti.org/news/seti-institute-launches-discovery-and-futures-lab-to-explore-the-human-dimensions-of-life-beyond-earth/

What can a visitor from another star system teach us about our own cosmic neighborhood?

Join host Dr. Franck Marchis and guest Dr. Cecilia Tubiana (INAF) for a conversation about interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS and the surprising observations made by ESA's Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (Juice) during its rare close encounter with this ancient traveler.

In November 2025, Juice turned five of its instruments toward 3I/ATLAS, capturing a once-in-a-lifetime dataset as the comet passed through the Solar System. From massive water vapor outgassing to tails stretching millions of kilometers into space, the observations are helping scientists better understand what this object is made of, how it behaves near the Sun, and what it can tell us about planetary systems beyond our own.

We'll talk about: • how Juice managed to observe 3I/ATLAS while en route to Jupiter • what scientists learned about the comet's water, dust, and composition • why this interstellar object looks surprisingly familiar—and why that's exciting • how these observations support planetary defense and future spacecraft science • what 3I/ATLAS may reveal about the early history of the Milky Way

Press release: https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Juice/Five_things_Juice_has_revealed_about_Comet_3I_ATLAS

In this episode of SETI Live, Jeremy Webb joins Moiya McTier to discuss Life is But a Stream: The Distribution of Planetary Systems Along Stellar Streams and Their Properties.

Stellar streams are elongated structures of stars moving through the Milky Way, often shaped by tidal interactions and the galaxy's gravity. Jeremy Webb's research explores how planetary systems are distributed along these streams and what their properties can reveal about planet formation and evolution in dynamic galactic environments.

Together, they'll dive into how astronomers trace stellar streams, how planetary systems survive and evolve within them, and what this research tells us about the broader history of our galaxy.

Read the paper: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae67fd

What happens when hundreds of thousands of volunteers team up with NASA to explore the sky? In the case of Backyard Worlds: Planet 9, thousands of new brown dwarfs.

NASA citizen scientists have helped discover more than 3,000 brown dwarfs, effectively doubling the known population of these mysterious objects over the past decade. These discoveries are helping astronomers better understand the boundary between planets and stars, revealing rare ultra-cool worlds, extreme T subdwarfs, and even brown dwarfs that may host aurorae.

Dr. Lauren Sgro and special guest Dr. Adam C. Schneider (United States Naval Observatory) discuss how citizen scientists made these discoveries, why brown dwarfs are so difficult to detect, and what this growing catalog is teaching us about our galactic neighborhood.

Press release: https://science.nasa.gov/get-involved/citizen-science/nasa-volunteers-double-known-population-of-brown-dwarfs/

Paper: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ae5b60

Backyard Worlds: Planet 9: https://www.zooniverse.org/projects/marckuchner/backyard-worlds-planet-9

What does intelligence sound like?

For decades, scientists studying whales and dolphins have uncovered remarkable evidence of sophisticated communication, social complexity, self-awareness, and cognition in cetaceans. Today, a new generation of research tools and analytical methods is opening an even deeper window into the sounds and possible language structures of these extraordinary marine mammals.

Join SETI Institute President and CEO Bill Diamond for a fascinating conversation with 2026 Drake Award recipient Dr. Lori Marino as they explore the cutting edge of dolphin and whale communication research, what these discoveries reveal about intelligence on Earth, and how they connect to broader questions at the heart of SETI.

Together they'll discuss: 🔹 How scientists study whale and dolphin communication 🔹 New breakthroughs in cetacean cognition research 🔹 Whether dolphin and whale sounds may contain language-like structure 🔹 The ethical and philosophical implications of understanding non-human intelligence 🔹 What studying intelligence on Earth can teach us about detecting intelligence elsewhere in the universe

Dr. Lori Marino is a neuroscientist, expert in animal behavior and intelligence, and the 2026 recipient of the SETI Institute's Drake Award.

Read the announcement: https://www.seti.org/news/seti-institute-names-lori-marino-as-2026-drake-award-recipient/

How do you study volcanoes on a planet more than 200 light-years away?

Join us for SETI Live as host Moiya McTier talks with planetary scientist Claire Marie Guimond about the extreme lava world K2-141 b—a rocky exoplanet so hot that parts of its surface may be covered in oceans of molten rock.

Using advanced mantle convection models, Claire and her collaborators investigated how heat moves through the planet's interior and where volcanic hotspots may form—including on the planet's permanent nightside. Together, we'll explore what these models reveal about alien geology, how lava worlds compare to Earth, and what volcanism might mean for a planet's long-term evolution.

We'll also dive into how scientists can study volcanic activity on distant worlds, what makes lava planets important to planetary science, and what questions remain about one of the galaxy's most extreme exoplanets.

Paper: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/547/3/stag390/8501203

(Recorded live 7 May 2026.)

A newly identified class of distant galaxies—nicknamed "little red dots"—may be doing something extraordinary: quietly creating the raw ingredients for life.

Join host Dr. Simon Steel as we explore groundbreaking new research from Dr. Remo Ruffini and Dr. Yu Wang from the International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics Network (ICRANet), suggesting that these compact, enigmatic galaxies could act as "molecular islands," forming complex organic molecules in environments surprisingly calm compared to the chaotic early universe.

- What makes these galaxies so special? - How can such small, distant objects produce life's building blocks? - And what does this mean for the possibility that life's chemistry is widespread across the cosmos?

We'll break down the science behind these "galactic oases," how they were discovered, and why they may reshape how we think about the origins of life in the universe.

Press release (pdf): https://www.icranet.org/LRDs-Molecular-Islands-Press-Release.pdf

Paper: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ae3a76

(Recorded live 30 April 2026.)

Where should we actually be looking for life beyond Earth?

Astronomers have identified 45 Earth-like worlds that could be among the most promising places to search for biosignatures—chemical signs of life in distant atmospheres. Inspired by the idea of a real-life "Project Hail Mary," this research helps narrow the search for habitable planets and guides future telescopes toward the most compelling targets.

Join SETI Institute planetary astronomer Dr. Franck Marchis and guests Dr. Lisa Kaltenegger and Abigail Bohl from Cornell University as they explore:

- How scientists define an "Earth-like" world - What makes a planet a strong candidate for life - How these 45 planets were selected - What telescopes, like the James Webb Space Telescope, can (and can't) detect - What this means for the future of SETI and exoplanet exploration

Are we closer than ever to finding life—or just getting better at knowing where to look?

Press release: https://ras.ac.uk/news-and-press/research-highlights/best-places-look-alien-life-scientists-identify-45-earth-worlds

Paper: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/547/3/stag028/8526432

(Recorded live 17 April 2026.)

Join us for a special episode of SETI Live as host Lauren Sgro sits down with astronomer and entrepreneur Franck Marchis to explore the newly launched SkyMapper platform—now open to the public.

SkyMapper is a global, decentralized network of telescopes and all-sky sensors that connects professional observatories, citizen scientists, and classrooms around the world. In this live, interactive session, Lauren and Franck will go beyond the basics and show how SkyMapper works in real time—from navigating the interface and accessing live sky data to triggering observations and joining active discoveries.

We'll talk about what this launch means for the future of astronomy, how people are already using the platform, and why a continuously connected view of the sky could transform research, education, and public participation in science. We'll also highlight the SETI Institute's role in building this new global observing network.

✨ Ready to explore the universe yourself? This is your chance to see SkyMapper in action—and learn how to get involved.

📚 Learn more: https://www.skymapper.io

👋 Join the community: https://t.me/skymapper_community

(Recorded live 13 April 2026.)

Astronomers may have just witnessed the aftermath of a massive planetary collision in another star system—offering a rare glimpse into how worlds are destroyed… and possibly reborn.

Join host Dr. Moiya McTier and guest Anastasios Tzanidakis (University of Washington) as they break down new evidence suggesting that two large planetary bodies recently crashed into each other. What does this tell us about how planets form and evolve? How common are these catastrophic events? And could collisions like this help explain the chaotic early history of our own solar system?

From cosmic debris clouds to planetary recycling, we'll explore one of the most dramatic processes shaping worlds across the galaxy.

Press release: https://www.washington.edu/news/2026/03/11/uw-astronomers-spot-planet-collision-evidence/

Paper: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ae3ddc

(Recorded live 2 April 2026.)

As NASA prepares to return humans to the Moon with Artemis II, what does it really take to live and work on the lunar surface?

Join host Simon Steel and planetary scientist Pascal Lee as they explore the science and strategy behind humanity's next giant leap. From cutting-edge spacesuit design and testing to the challenge of choosing where astronauts will land, this conversation dives into what comes next for lunar exploration.

We'll also explore:

- The mystery and importance of permanently shadowed regions - Evidence for water ice on the Moon—and why it matters - How Artemis is paving the way for future missions from the Moon to Mars

Artemis II is more than a mission—it's a proving ground for the future of human exploration.

Haughton Mars Project: https://www.marsinstitute.no/hmp

(Recorded live 26 March 2026.)

How do scientists actually search for extraterrestrial intelligence?

Astronomer, professor, and Drake Award winner Jason Wright joins host Beth Johnson on SETI Live to discuss his new textbook, The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence: Theory and Practice. The book brings together the science, methods, and history of SETI into a single framework for students and researchers.

SETI has evolved dramatically in the past few decades—from early radio searches to modern investigations of technosignatures, including laser signals, infrared waste heat, and other possible evidence of advanced civilizations.

In this conversation, we explore: Why SETI now deserves a full academic textbook The many ways scientists search for alien technology The history and philosophy behind the field What would actually count as a real detection How researchers are training the next generation of SETI scientists

Learn more about The Penn State Extraterrestrial Intelligence Center: https://www.pseti.psu.edu/

Access the textbook: https://iopscience.iop.org/book/mono/978-0-7503-4796-9

(Recorded live 19 March 2026.)

Saturn's largest moon may have had a violent birth.

New research led by SETI Institute scientist Matija Ćuk proposes that Titan formed when two earlier Saturnian moons collided and merged hundreds of millions of years ago. This dramatic event may explain several long-standing mysteries in the Saturn system—including Titan's unusual orbit, the origin of the strange tumbling moon Hyperion, and even the relatively young age of Saturn's iconic rings.

Using computer simulations, researchers found that a once-stable Saturnian moon system may have become unstable, sending an outer moon on a collision course with Titan. The merger would have resurfaced Titan—erasing many ancient craters—and scattered debris that later formed Hyperion. The resulting changes to Titan's orbit could have destabilized smaller inner moons, triggering collisions that eventually created Saturn's rings.

Join SETI Institute Social Media Manager Beth Johnson and planetary dynamicist Matija Ćuk as they explore this new model for the Saturn system's evolution, what clues led scientists to propose a moon-moon merger, and how future missions—like NASA's Dragonfly mission to Titan—might test this dramatic hypothesis.

Could Titan really be the survivor of an ancient cosmic crash?

📄 Paper: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/PSJ/ae422c

📰 Press release: https://www.seti.org/news/saturns-moon-titan-could-have-formed-in-a-merger-of-two-old-moons/

(Recorded live 12 March 2026.)

Astronomers have unveiled a novel technique for detecting faint signals from stellar and exoplanetary systems — potentially opening new pathways in the search for extraterrestrial technology and natural astrophysical phenomena alike.

In this episode of SETI Live, host Moiya McTier sits down with radio astronomer Cyril Tasse to explore the method described in Nature Astronomy. How does it work? Why is it different from traditional radio searches? And what kinds of signals could it reveal that we've been missing?

Radio waves from distant stars and planets are incredibly faint and often buried in noise. This new approach rethinks how we process and interpret complex data, potentially improving sensitivity to subtle, structured signals.

RIMS press release: https://observatoiredeparis.psl.eu/the-detection-of-radio-bursts.html

RIMS paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-025-02757-7

Stellar storm press release: https://observatoiredeparis.psl.eu/evidence-of-a-massive-stellar.html

CME video: https://youtu.be/bHlOYFn0RUM

(Recorded live 5 March 2026.)