The Briefing Room

The foreign policy of the second Trump administration has caused consternation to allies from Denmark to Korea. What had seemed solid and settled in the post-war world has been thrown into turmoil.

Until now the President has enjoyed support from Republican majorities in both Houses of Congress, but next month's midterm elections seem likely to change all that. The Democrats look to be headed for victory. But the question for the rest of the world is what will it mean for us? A tamed president? An enraged president? And how will America’s enemies and allies react?

Guests:

Anthony Zurcher, BBC’s North America correspondent Heather Hurlburt, associate fellow at the US and North America programme at Chatham House Rebecca Lissner, senior fellow for US foreign policy at the Council on Foreign Relations Lord Peter Ricketts, former diplomat, ambassador and national security advisor.

Production team:

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Ben Carter, Alex Last and Kirsteen Knight Editor: Penny Murphy Sound engineer: James Beard Production co-ordinator: Maria Ogundele

Will the French accept that changes need to be made to fix their ailing economy? Political paralysis and a debt crisis has led to 5 prime ministers in the last two years. Every attempt at fixing the economic problems is met with outrage and protest. Saturday 17th October 2026 saw some of the worst protests in years, with peaceful demonstrations over the cost of living and school funding descending into an 'apocalyptic hell'. 500 police officers were injured in the violence, 1,500 shops were damaged and an historic 19th century city hall was burnt to the ground in the mass disorder that ensued. But there are some serious economic issues that must be faced head on. France's borrowing costs have just hit a 26 year high, signalling they are not trusted to manage their growing debt. Public spending in France is higher than in many other European countries and a big part of that bill is pensions. Raising the pension age would save the state much needed money but proposals to do so were met with outrage and put on hold. So, has France become ungovernable?

Guests: Sophie Pedder, Paris bureau chief, The Economist Victor Mallet, Financial Times, author of Far-Right France: Le Pen, Bardella and the Future of Europe Agnes Poiriet, UK editor, L'Express

Producers: Ben Carter, Phoebe Keane, Kirsteen Knight

Will we still be able to grow enough food as temperatures rise and rainfall becomes more erratic? What changes will farmers need to make to keep feeding the nation? As Radio 4 marks 75 years of the farming drama The Archers, David Aaronovitch examines the future of British farming. Models suggest large parts of the South East of England will no longer be favourable for growing cereals like wheat and even barley, important for things like beer and whiskey. Strawberries may be far too difficult to grow at all. Some areas of the UK may become better for farmers and new crops may grow that we've never been able to grow before, but it presents a huge challenge for farmers who will have to change their entire way of working. What must farmers do to adapt and what do we need to do to ensure we keep the food on our plates?

GUESTS:

Charlie Ireland, a farming consultant at Ceres consultancy, who advises Jeremy Clarkson on Clarkson’s Farm Professor Nicola Cannon, Royal Agricultural University. Neil Ward, Professor of Rural and Regional Development at the University of East Anglia Tom Lancaster, Head of Land, Food and Farming at The Energy and Climate Intelligence Unit

The ceasefire between the Saudi-backed Yemen government and the Houthi rebels is over. As the fighting for control of land and sea intensifies, what are the knock on effects for the rest of the world?

Guests:

Nawal Al-Maghafi, BBC senior international investigations correspondent Baraa Shiban, researcher and political analyst on Yemen and the Gulf at the defence and security thinktank, RUSI Dr Elisabeth Kendall, Arabist & Middle East specialist and also The Mistress of Girton College at the University of Cambridge Frank Gardner, BBC Security Correspondent

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Ben Carter, Phoebe Keane and Kirsteen Knight Editor: Richard Vadon Sound engineer: James Beard Production co-ordinator: Maria Ogundele

In May, the Chief Justice of India unwittingly gave a name to a generational protest. He called unemployed young people “cockroaches” and the mass youth movement that had begun in the wake of the sudden cancellation of a national exam took on the title - the Cockroach Janta party.

But India hasn’t been the only country that has seen Gen Z - people aged between 14 and 29 - engaging in mass protests this year. It’s been happening all over the place, from Serbia to Kenya. Different grievances, different circumstances, but the same generation.

So what are the youth revolting about, and are they winning?

Step inside The Briefing Room and together we’ll find out.

Guests:

Dr Nayana Prakash, research affiliate at the Minderoo Centre for Technology and Democracy at the University of Cambridge. Erica Frantz, associate professor in political science at Michigan State University Matthew Cebul, lead research fellow at the Nonviolent Action Lab at the Harvard Kennedy School

Production team:

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Ben Carter, Emma Close and Kirsteen Knight Editor: Penny Murphy Sound engineer: James Beard Production co-ordinator: Keshia Agyei

Did you step outside this morning and feel something odd on your face or neck? Its called rain. We’ve hardly had any this summer and the result was the declaration this month of drought status across two thirds of England and almost all of Wales. The reservoirs are low. And the future looks parched: the government estimates that by 2055, England will face a water shortfall of 5 billion litres a day. To put that in context we currently use 14 billion litres.

Why has this happened and how can we fix it? Other than everyone moving to Scotland.

Step inside The Briefing Room and together we’ll find out.

Guests:

Sir John Armitt, chair of The Public Private Partnership Commission Professor Jim Hall, Professor of Climate and Environmental Risk at Oxford University Dr Heather Smith, Senior Lecturer in Water Governance at Cranfield University

Production team:

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Ben Carter, Bob Howard and Kirsteen Knight Editor: Penny Murphy Sound engineer: James Beard Production co-ordinator: Keshia Agyei

Until recently Baroness Louise Casey was going to deliver her huge review of English social care by 2028. Then the PM changed and so did the date. Now the whole shebang is timed for next summer. Last week we looked at what we mean by social care, who gets it, who provides it and who pays for it. And why our current system is deficient.

This week we find out what the alternatives are, how much they’d cost and who’d pay.

Guests:

Thea Stein, Chief Executive of the Nuffield Trust Simon Bottery, who leads independent charity The King's Fund's work on adult social care Sir Andrew Dilnot, the economist who was asked by the government back in 2010 to chair a commission to find a fair and sustainable way of funding adult social care in England

Production team:

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Ben Carter, Sally Abrahams and Kirsteen Knight Editor: Richard Vadon Sound engineer: James Beard Production co-ordinators: Siobhan Reed and Maria Ogundele

It’s social care time again. That moment every five years when politicians and civil servants are on the cusp of coming up with a new system to replace the perceived arbitrary and unfair way in which we in the UK pay for the care that many adults need to be able to live a decent life.

Right now Baroness Casey, appointed by Keir Starmer to conduct a urgent review into social care in England with the objective of recommending a new plan, has been asked by Andy Burnham to make it even more urgent and recommend it more quickly.

In this first of two episodes looking at what the review is likely to find and its impact on all of us, we’ll look at what we mean by social care, its history and who gets it.

Guests:

Thea Stein, Chief Executive of the Nuffield Trust Simon Bottery, who leads independent charity The King's Fund's work on adult social care Sir Andrew Dilnot, the economist who was asked by the government back in 2010 to chair a commission to find a fair and sustainable way of funding adult social care in England

Production team:

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Ben Carter, Sally Abrahams and Kirsteen Knight Editor: Richard Vadon Sound engineer: James Beard Production co-ordinators: Siobhan Reed and Maria Ogundele

According to polls immigration remains near the top - or at the top - of public concerns. And now a new prime minister inherits that popular anxiety. Last week The Briefing Room examined arguably the most visible aspect of the migration question: the small boats, asylum seeking and illegal migration.

This week we look at legal migration, the issue of reliance on overseas workers, changes to indefinite leave to remain and public opinion about migration.

Guests:

Madeleine Sumption, Director of the Migration Observatory at the University of Oxford and author of What is Immigration Policy for? Dominic Casciani, BBC Home and Legal correspondent Rob Ford, Professor of Political Science at the University of Manchester

Production team:

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Ben Carter and Kirsteen Knight Editor: Richard Vadon Sound engineers: Duncan Hannant Sound mix: James Beard Production co-ordinators: Siobhan Reed, Maria Ogundele

New PM, old problems. When Labour took office they vowed to tackle the people smuggling gangs behind the small boats crossings, to reduce net inward migration and to act to replace cheap imported labour with better paid indigenous workers. Meanwhile Andy Burnham faces polls showing immigration still sitting near the top - if not the top - of public concerns.

But what are the facts here? What does the record show after two years of this government?

This issues here are so big and complicated that we’re devoting two programmes to them. In this - the first one - we’re going to focus purely on small boats, asylum seekers and illegal immigration.

Guests:

Madeleine Sumption, Director of the Migration Observatory at the University of Oxford and author of What is Immigration Policy for? Dominic Casciani, BBC Home and Legal correspondent.

Production team:

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Ben Carter and Kirsteen Knight Editor: Richard Vadon Sound engineers: Duncan Hannant and Andy Garratt Production co-ordinators: Siobhan Reed, Maria Ogundele

Picture credit: Ben Stansall Via Getty

Power to the people! Or, at any rate power to the mayors! As government prepares for yet another new prime minister it is keenly aware that this one has moving power away from the centre to the English regions as his big idea. His central idea. The argument is that such devolution will lead to more and better economic growth. But how does that actually work? Would you get more growth that way?

Guests:

Jennifer Williams, Northern correspondent at the Financial Times Tony Travers, Professor in Practice in the LSE Department of Government Liam Sides, Associate Director in the Cities and Regions team at Oxford Economics Thomas Pope, Chief Economist at the Institute for Government

Production team

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Ben Carter, Nathan Gower and Kirsteen Knight Editor: Richard Vadon Sound engineers: Sarah Hockley and Neil Churchill Production co-ordinators: Siobhan Reed, Maria Ogundele

For previous generations, coupling was something only trains did. Then it became a word to describe the business of finding a partner. An important business for the future of the species. But today in the developed world - and even beyond - the data shows that coupling is significantly down. Increasingly, people are just not forming those relationships. There are all kinds of theories out there now about why this is happening, ranging from the intriguing to the improbable. So what do we know about this noncoupling and its implications?

Guests:

Dr Alice Evans, visiting Associate Professor at Stanford and author of the upcoming book The Great Gender Divergence John Burn-Murdoch, columnist and chief data reporter for the Financial Times

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Ben Carter and Kirsteen Knight Editor: Richard Vadon Sound engineer: Gareth Jones, Neil Churchill Production co-ordinator: Siobhan Reed, Maria Ogundele

Image credit: Malte Mueller, Getty Images

Two weeks ago a Memorandum of Understanding was signed between the Americans and the Iranians aiming at ending a bomb, missile-and-drone conflict that has lasted four months. Victory has been claimed by everyone and on behalf of everyone. So is the US/Israeli/Iranian war effectively over bar the seemingly inevitable bombast? If so did anyone win? On what terms? And where does it leave the rest of us?

Guests:

Shashank Joshi, The Economist’s Washington bureau chief Ali Vaez, Project Director, Iran at the Crisis Group in Washington DC Suzanne Maloney, VP and director of the Foreign Policy programme at the Brookings Institution

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Ben Carter and Kirsteen Knight Editor: Richard Vadon Sound engineer: Neil Churchill Production co-ordinator: Siobhan Reed

The war between Russia and Ukraine has shifted closer to Moscow. In the past week Ukraine has sent drones, made by Ukraine, to Moscow. While many were intercepted, 3 people died when an apartment block was hit. For many Russians the war - or special military operation as President Putin calls it - has been far away. But not any longer. At the same time though, Russia continues to hit cities across Ukraine and civilians continue to die. David Aaronovitch and his guests discuss whether Putin is under greater pressure now and whether the trajectory of this conflict has changed with the use of drone-warfare?

Guests: Steve Rosenberg, BBC Russia Editor Christopher Miller, Ukraine Correspondent, The Financial Times Angela Stent, Senior Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute and former US National Intelligence Officer for Russia and Eurasia

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Caroline Bayley and Kirsteen Knight Production Co-ordinator: Maria Ogundele Sound Engineer: James Beard Editor: Richard Vadon

It's ten years since the Briefing Room was first transmitted in May 2016. And what a decade it's been. To mark the tenth anniversary the programme looks at the biggest changes at home and abroad since that momentous day in British broadcasting. We’ve had Brexit, a pandemic, the Gaza war, the Russian invasion of Ukraine and Donald Trump - twice. It is hard to remember such a time. So David Aaronovitch's three expert guests will help him answer the question: are we even the same people as we were back then?

Guests: Anand Menon, Professor of European Politics and Foreign Affairs, King’s College London Bronwen Maddox, Director and CEO, Chatham House Meg Russell, Professor of British and Comparative Politics in the Department of Political Science at University College London.

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Caroline Bayley, Kirsteen Knight, Sally Abrahams Production Co-ordinator: Maria Ogundele Sound engineers: James Beard and Neil Churchill Editor: Richard Vadon

A month ago the Artemis II crew landed safely in the Pacific Ocean, completing their historic space mission to the far side of the moon. It’s been several decades since the last human mission to the moon - although this time there was no landing. However, the 4 astronauts travelled further from earth than any human ever has so far. David Aaronovitch asks his guests whether space exploration is back in fashion and if so what’s next? And are we any closer to a human mission to Mars and what would we hope to achieve there?

Guests: Dr Julia Balm, Research Associate, Freeman Air and Space Institute in the School of Security Studies, King’s College London Professor Andrew Coates, Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London Libby Jackson, Head of Space, Science Museum, London

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Caroline Bayley, Sally Abrahams, Kirsteen Knight Production Co-Ordinator: Maria Ogundele Sound Engineer: James Beard Editor: Richard Vadon

Ask Claude a question, Google a query, order from Amazon, chat with mates on WhatsApp, tune in to Youtube. And where ever you do it from, you’ll never be somehow not in America. Because Britain, like Europe is dependent on US tech and as the AI revolution unfolds, governments are increasingly worried about it.

The new buzz phrase is digital sovereignty. But what does that mean? Is it even feasible? And can the UK and the Europe take back control?

David Aaronovitch talks to:

Stanley Pignal, Europe editor at The Economist Cecilia Rikap, Associate Professor in Economics and Head of Research at the UCL Institute for Innovation and Public Purpose Seb Johnson, founder of Scaling Europe, a media company focused on European Tech

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Ben Carter, Sally Abrahams, Kirsteen Knight Production Co-ordinator: Gemma Ashman Sound engineer: James Beard Editor: Richard Vadon

It’s almost two months since the United States and Israel went to war with Iran. And in spite of a ceasefire the vital Strait of Hormuz through which 20 per cent of the world’s oil and liquefied natural gas passes on tankers, is still effectively closed. The oil price remains high, affecting economies around the world. The most recent assessment from the International Monetary Fund warned that the war could throw the world economy “off course” and a prolongued conflict risked causing a global recession. David Aaronovitch asks what this means for us now and whether an end to the conflict could re-set the world’s economies or have conditions changed for good?

Guests: Joseph Stiglitz, American economist and recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences and Professor at Columbia University Duncan Weldon, author and economist Diana Choyleva, economist and founder of Enodo Economics.

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Caroline Bayley, Sally Abrahams, Kirsteen Knight Production Co-ordinator: Maria Ogundele Sound engineer: Neil Churchill Editor: Richard Vadon

This month retired people saw their state pensions rise by 4.8 per cent. That’s comfortably above the current inflation rate and means that some pensioners have increases this year of as much as £575. That’s because of the Triple Lock guarantee which is a formula set 15 years ago and which some economists say is costing the government too much and should be scrapped. But it’s meant that the state pension has risen over recent years, pensioner poverty is far less of a problem and not surprisingly it’s popular with voters. David Aaronovitch asks what exactly is the triple lock, can we still afford it and is there an alternative?

Guests

Carl Emmerson, Partner at London Economics Sophie Hale, Research Director, Resolution Foundation Steve Webb, Partner at LCP and former Pensions Minister in Coalition Government

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Caroline Bayley, Kirsteen Knight, Sally Abrahams Production co-ordinator: Maria Ogundele Sound engineers: Rod Farquhar and Dave O'Neill Editor: Richard Vadon

If you sail 90 miles from Key West in Florida you’ll make landfall on the island of Cuba, run by a regime that America has never liked. And since this is the year of bombs, drones and talk of regime change, the island has not escaped close attention.

Donald Trump has talked about taking Cuba but could he? Would he? And And what would that even mean for Cubans and Americans?

Step into the Briefing Room and together we’ll find out.

Presenter: David Aaronovitch Producers: Ben Carter, Sally Abrahams and Kirsteen Knight Editor: Richard Vadon Production co-ordinator: Janet Staples Sound engineers: Rod Farquhar and Neil Churchill