Cache Me If You Can

Does breaking up big companies make America more competitive—or undermine its national security? On this episode of Cache Me If You Can, hosts Matt Pearl and Lauren Williams sit down with USC law professor Jonathan Barnett to challenge conventional thinking on antitrust and national security.

From the breakup of AT&T to defense industry consolidation and Ukraine's drone innovation, they explore when bigger companies strengthen American security, when smaller competitors drive innovation, and whether antitrust law is the right tool for navigating great-power competition.

In this episode of Cache Me if You Can, we examine the expanding role of private companies in U.S. offensive cyber operations and what recent policy developments reveal about the future of public-private cooperation in cyberspace. For decades, offensive cyber operations have largely remained the responsibility of government agencies. However, a new White House memorandum exploring how vetted private companies could conduct cyber surveillance and disruption operations against foreign cybercriminal organizations raises important questions about the boundaries between government authority, private-sector capabilities, and national security.

Our guests, Emily Harding, Vice President of the Defense and Security Department and Director of the Intelligence, National Security, and Technology Program at CSIS, and Dr. Nikita Shah, Senior Fellow with the Intelligence, National Security, and Technology Program at CSIS, bring extensive experience in intelligence, national security, and cyber policy. Together, they unpack what the administration's new approach could mean for the future of offensive cyber operations and the evolving relationship between government and industry.

In this episode of Cache Me if You Can, we examine the state of U.S.-China relations following President Trump and President Xi Jinping’s latest summit in Washington. Against a backdrop of intensifying technological competition, economic tensions, and geopolitical uncertainty, the two leaders sought to stabilize the relationship while pursuing a more reciprocal framework for engagement.

Our guest, Scott Kennedy, senior adviser and Trustee Chair in Chinese Business and Economics at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, is a leading expert on China’s economy, industrial policy, and U.S.-China relations. Drawing on his extensive research on Beijing’s economic strategy and approach to global governance, Scott breaks down what the summit accomplished and what the agreements mean for the broader trajectory of the relationship.

We discuss tariffs and trade, rare earths and critical mineral supply chains, competition over advanced technologies, and the prospects for cooperation on artificial intelligence. We also explore how Taiwan and ongoing global conflicts shape U.S.-China diplomacy, what both leaders hoped to gain from the meeting, and how to distinguish meaningful progress from diplomatic theater.

In this episode of Cache Me if You Can, we explore how cyber threats, artificial intelligence, and emerging technologies are reshaping the world of intelligence. As the speed and scale of technological change accelerate, intelligence professionals face a growing challenge: how to take advantage of new tools without losing the judgment, tradecraft, and collaboration that remain essential to national security.

Our guest, retired Brigadier General Melissa Stone, is a former senior Air Force intelligence leader whose career spans signals intelligence, cyber intelligence, information operations, analysis, training, and command. She previously commanded the 363rd Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Wing and served as deputy commander of the Sixteenth Air Force (Air Forces Cyber), placing her at the intersection of intelligence production, cyber operations, workforce development, and emerging technology.

In this episode of Cache Me If You Can, we explore how advances in artificial intelligence are reshaping the balance between cyber attackers and defenders. As increasingly capable AI models discover vulnerabilities, navigate complex systems, and accelerate sophisticated cyber operations, organizations face a critical question: can defenders harness these same capabilities quickly and safely enough to gain the advantage?

Our guest, Carol Kuntz, adjunct fellow with the CSIS Strategic Technologies Program and former senior Department of Defense official, joins us to discuss Making AI Work for Cyber Defenders: A Strategy for Strengthening U.S. Cybersecurity. Drawing on the report, Kuntz explains why powerful AI models alone are not enough—and why secure infrastructure, effective workflows, human oversight, and the ability to translate vulnerability discoveries into deployable fixes are essential to realizing AI’s defensive potential.

The conversation examines what AI-enabled cyber defense looks like in practice, from persistent monitoring and vulnerability discovery to patching and incident response. We discuss the challenges of getting defensive tools to small businesses, open-source maintainers, and critical infrastructure operators; emerging federal efforts to coordinate vulnerability remediation; and how policymakers and developers can govern increasingly powerful frontier AI capabilities without undermining legitimate cybersecurity research or slowing innovation.

On this special edition episode, Lauryn Williams joins Will Todman on the State of Play podcast for a crossover episode of Cache Me If You Can.

Cyberattacks targeting water and wastewater utilities have been reported in at least a dozen U.S. states since late July. While there has been no widespread contamination or immediate threat to public drinking water, the attacks appear serious and potentially coordinated.

Alongside Nikita Shah, Caitlin Welsh, and Will Todman, Lauryn discusses why U.S. critical infrastructure remains vulnerable, how the United States should respond, and whether there is enough evidence to attribute the attacks to Iran.

In this episode of Cache Me If You Can, we explore why advanced manufacturing has become a cornerstone of U.S. economic competitiveness and national security. As strategic competition with China intensifies and supply chain vulnerabilities become increasingly apparent, the United States faces difficult questions about what it will take to rebuild its industrial base for the twenty-first century.

Our guest, Liz Reynolds, Professor of the Practice at MIT and former Special Assistant to the President for Manufacturing and Economic Development at the National Economic Council, joins us to discuss Priority Technologies: Ensuring U.S. Security and Shared Prosperity, a new volume examining the technologies that will shape America's future. Drawing from her chapter on advanced manufacturing, Reynolds explains why innovation alone is not enough and why manufacturing capacity, skilled workers, resilient supply chains, and strong institutions all play essential roles in sustaining technological leadership.

The conversation examines whether industrial policy can simultaneously strengthen national security and create broadly shared economic opportunity in an era of increasing automation. We discuss the lessons of the CHIPS and Science Act, the evolving relationship between advanced manufacturing and semiconductors, and what success should look like as the United States seeks to rebuild strategically important industries.

In this episode of Cache Me if You Can, we explore one of the most consequential cyber alliances in the Indo-Pacific: cooperation between the United States and the Republic of Korea. As cyber threats grow more sophisticated, from state-sponsored operations and ransomware to cryptocurrency theft and attacks on critical infrastructure, both countries are grappling with how to strengthen resilience and move beyond coordination toward deeper operational collaboration.

Our guests, Dr. Jim Lewis of CSIS and researchers Sunha Bae and Joohui Park of South Korea's National Security Research Institute (NSR), draw on their expertise in cyber strategy, international law, and critical infrastructure security to examine the evolving threat landscape and the future of allied cyber cooperation. Together, they unpack how North Korea's cyber activities have evolved, the growing challenge of cryptocurrency-enabled illicit finance, and the role cyber operations play in Pyongyang's broader national strategy.

We discuss South Korea's emerging approach to active cyber defense, lessons from U.S. concepts such as defend forward and persistent engagement, and the legal and policy considerations that accompany more proactive cyber operations. The conversation also explores how the U.S.–ROK alliance can operationalize cyber cooperation, coordinate responses to shared threats, and work with regional partners to build a more resilient and secure digital environment across the Indo-Pacific.

In this special edition of Cache Me if You Can, we explore the evolving cyber threat landscape facing the United States and what it would actually look like to stand up a dedicated U.S. Cyber Force.

As cyberattacks on critical infrastructure become more frequent and sophisticated, questions around how the Pentagon organizes, trains, and equips cyber operators have become increasingly urgent. From state-backed operations like SolarWinds and Salt Typhoon to the rapid rise of AI-enabled cyber capabilities, the current force generation model is being tested by the demands of modern conflict in cyberspace.

Guests Dr. Erica Lonergan, Lieutenant General Ed Cardon (Ret.), and Joshua Stiefel join us to discuss why policymakers and military leaders are increasingly examining the possibility of an independent military service dedicated to the cyber domain. Drawing on the work of the CSIS Commission on U.S. Cyber Force Generation, the conversation examines both the strategic need for a Cyber Force and the practical realities of implementing one.

The episode explores what a Cyber Force could look like in practice, including its mission scope, personnel structure, institutional alignment within the Department of Defense, and relationship with existing organizations like U.S. Cyber Command. We also discuss how a dedicated cyber service could better recruit and retain top cyber talent while leveraging private-sector innovation and emerging technologies.

Finally, we examine what is at stake for the United States as cyber operations become increasingly central to military competition and national security in the digital battlefield.

In this episode of Cache Me if You Can, we explore how cyber conflict and hybrid warfare are reshaping the European security landscape. As Russian operations increasingly blur the line between peace and war, Europe faces mounting pressure to rethink how it approaches deterrence, resilience, and competition in the digital age.

Our guest, Dr. Alexander Klimburg, joins us to discuss his recent report, Enter Europe’s Cyber Deterrence, and unpack the evolving nature of Russian hybrid campaigns. We examine how cyber operations, disinformation, sabotage, and information warfare work together to erode political cohesion and apply persistent pressure below the threshold of conventional conflict.

The conversation explores Europe’s current response strategy—built around norms, regulation, resilience, and limited punishment—and why these tools may be insufficient against compellence-oriented adversaries. We also discuss the growing uncertainty surrounding long-term U.S. support for European security and what Europe’s dependence on American cyber capabilities means for the future of deterrence.

Finally, we examine Klimburg’s proposal for a European Cyber Operations Group (ECOG), a coalition-based model designed to strengthen Europe’s ability to conduct coordinated counter-hybrid operations and operate more effectively in the gray zone.

In this episode of Cache Me if You Can, we examine a core challenge at the heart of U.S. technology competition: the Pentagon’s struggle to procure and field emerging technologies at the speed of innovation.

Our guest, Jerry McGinn, joins us to unpack the Department of Defense’s latest push to transform its acquisition system, an effort aimed at accelerating how the military identifies, buys, and deploys capabilities in areas like AI, cyber, and autonomous systems.

We explore why traditional procurement processes, built for slow-moving hardware programs, are ill-suited for today’s software-driven technologies, and what that means for U.S. competitiveness. The conversation also breaks down the Pentagon’s proposed reforms, from prioritizing commercial solutions to overhauling regulatory barriers, and assesses whether they can meaningfully close the gap between technological innovation and military deployment.

Finally, we examine the broader implications for the defense industrial base, emerging tech companies, and U.S. allies, asking a central question: can the United States adapt its acquisition system fast enough to compete in an era defined by rapid technological change?

In this episode of Cache Me if You Can, we examine how two of the world’s most influential companies, SpaceX and Huawei, are increasingly shaping the trajectory of global technology competition. Once operating in entirely separate domains, space infrastructure and telecommunications, these firms are now converging across critical frontiers, including AI, connectivity, and data ecosystems.

Our guest, Eva Dou, is an award-winning journalist and the author of House of Huawei. Drawing on years of reporting on China’s political economy and technology sector, Eva unpacks how Huawei’s rise and its rivalry with U.S. firms offer a powerful lens into broader geopolitical competition.

In this episode, we explore how space-based connectivity is challenging traditional terrestrial networks, why companies like SpaceX may be redefining infrastructure from orbit, and how both firms are becoming central to surveillance and data systems. This episode looks beyond individual companies to ask a bigger question: what do SpaceX and Huawei reveal about how the United States and China build, scale, and compete in the technologies that will define the future?

In this episode of Cache Me if You Can, we examine Iran’s evolving cyber strategy and what recent activity reveals about the role of cyberspace in modern conflict. While headlines often highlight disruptive attacks and hacktivist activity, the reality of Iran’s cyber operations is more complex—blending state-backed actors, proxy groups, and information campaigns to shape perceptions, signal resolve, and complement activity across other domains.

Our guests, Lauryn Williams, Deputy Director and Senior Fellow with the Strategic Technologies Program at CSIS; Dr. Nikita Shah, Senior Fellow with the Intelligence, National Security, and Technology Program at CSIS; and Lieutenant General (Ret.) Maria Barrett, former Commander of U.S. Army Cyber Command, bring deep expertise from government, military, and strategic policy roles. Together, they unpack how Iran calibrates cyber operations alongside information warfare, economic pressure, and geopolitical signaling.

We discuss the distinction between high-volume cyber activity and operations that create meaningful strategic effects, including reported attacks on financial systems and the growing use of AI-enabled influence campaigns. The conversation also explores how cyber operations intersect with other tools of statecraft, why cyber activity alone rarely determines the trajectory of conflict, and what indicators may signal escalation in the months ahead.

In this episode of Cache Me if You Can, we explore how artificial intelligence is driving an unprecedented expansion of data center infrastructure. While the cloud era transformed digital services, AI workloads are fundamentally changing how data centers must be designed, powered, and cooled.

Our guest, Ty Schmitt, Vice President and Dell Fellow in Dell Technologies’ Infrastructure Solutions Group CTO organization, brings more than three decades of experience in server hardware, thermal design, and data center engineering. Drawing on his work shaping Dell’s data center technology and sustainability strategy, Ty explains why AI infrastructure is scaling so rapidly and what makes it technically different from the cloud systems that came before.
We discuss the engineering challenges behind high-power AI chips, the industry’s shift from air to liquid cooling, and how data center builders are adapting to rising energy demands and community concerns as AI infrastructure expands.

In this episode of Cache Me if You Can, we go beneath the cloud to examine the physical infrastructure powering today’s digital economy: data centers. As demand for cloud services, AI workloads, and high-performance computing accelerates, data centers have become critical national assets—while also emerging as flashpoints for debates over energy use, land, labor, and local governance.

Our guest, Chris Kimm, former Senior Vice President at Equinix, brings decades of experience operating and scaling global data center infrastructure at the intersection of technology, customers, and public policy. Drawing on his leadership across data center operations in the Americas and global customer service teams, as well as his time chairing the Data Center Coalition’s Board of Directors, Chris helps unpack how modern data centers work, how they’ve evolved, and why misconceptions about their impact persist.

We discuss what actually happens inside a data center, how facilities differ from hyperscale to edge deployments, where innovation is happening most rapidly, and how the industry is responding to mounting energy and sustainability challenges. The conversation also explores why regions like Northern Virginia became data center hubs, what economic benefits these facilities bring to local communities, and how policymakers can better balance growth with public concerns as digital infrastructure continues to expand.

In this special Cache Me If You Can episode, we bring you a CSIS event featuring Matt Pearl, Director of the Strategic Technologies Program, in conversation with Bill Whyman, Senior Advisor with CSIS Strategic Technologies and author of the new CSIS paper Sovereign Cloud–Sovereign AI Conundrum: Policy Actions to Achieve Prosperity and Security.

The discussion explores the global push for sovereign cloud and sovereign AI, as well as the difficult tradeoffs governments face as they seek greater control over data, compute, and cloud infrastructure. Matt and Bill break down what cloud computing is, why digital sovereignty has surged to the top of the policy agenda, and where sovereign approaches risk undermining innovation, competitiveness, and economic growth through higher costs, scalability limits, and fragmentation.

Read Bill’s paper: https://www.csis.org/analysis/sovereign-cloud-sovereign-ai-conundrum-policy-actions-achieve-prosperity-and-security

In this episode of Cache Me if You Can, we dive into quantum technology and why it’s quickly becoming one of the most consequential frontiers in U.S.-China strategic competition. Once confined to research labs and academic theory, quantum is now moving toward real-world applications that could reshape cybersecurity, intelligence collection, advanced sensing, and the global balance of power.

Our guest, Dr. James (Jim) Lewis, former director of the Strategic Technologies Program at CSIS, draws on decades of experience spanning cyber policy, export controls, and high-tech competition with China to unpack what’s real, what’s hype, and what’s at stake. We discuss how quantum computing could threaten today’s encryption, why quantum sensing may arrive sooner than people think, how Beijing is investing to gain an edge, and what U.S. policymakers must do to sustain leadership, from funding and commercialization to workforce development and quantum-safe security standards.

In this episode of Cache Me if You Can, we explore how space has become a central arena for geopolitical competition, economic activity, and national security in the digital age. Once dominated by government-led exploration, space, particularly low Earth orbit, is now crowded with commercial actors, new technologies, and emerging security risks that challenge existing rules and norms.

Our guest, Audrey M. Schaffer, senior vice president of global policy and government strategy at Slingshot Aerospace and former director for space policy at the National Security Council, draws on her experience across the White House, Department of Defense, State Department, and NASA to unpack today’s evolving space threat environment. We discuss China’s growing space ambitions, the role of commercial satellites in modern conflict, the intersection of AI and space security, and how the United States can lead on governance, sustainability, and norm-setting to protect its competitive edge beyond Earth.

In this episode of Cache Me if You Can, we examine how governments around the world are shaping the rules of the digital age. From the United States’ market-driven approach to the European Union’s rights-based frameworks, competing models of tech governance are redefining innovation, privacy, and security.

Our guest, Shane Tews, nonresident senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute and president of Logan Circle Strategies, draws on her experience across government, industry, and global internet governance to unpack debates over encryption, lawful access, and emerging technologies like AI and 5G. Together, we explore whether a shared global rulebook is still possible—or if the future of tech governance will be increasingly fragmented.

In this episode of Cache Me if You Can, we examine the invisible infrastructure that powers our digital lives: spectrum and telecommunications networks.

Our guest, Diane Rinaldo, former Acting Administrator of NTIA and a leading expert on 5G and supply chain security, breaks down the strategic stakes of next-generation wireless systems. We explore how spectrum competition shapes U.S.–China tech rivalry, why trusted networks are central to national security, and how emerging technologies like AI and quantum are transforming the telecom landscape.

Finally, we look ahead to 6G and discuss what the United States must do now to stay competitive in the race for the future of connectivity.