This Week in Virology

TWiV discusses an outbreak of H5N1 influenza viruses in Utah farmed mink, and divergent species-specific antiviral responses in Marburg virus infected cells from reservoir bats and humans.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Support science education at MicrobeTV
• H5N1 influenza virus in Utah farmed mink (virological.org)
• Species specific responses to Marburg virus (Cell Rep)
• Letters read on TWiV 1371
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Picks of the Week

Rich – The effect of a hiding box on stress levels and body weight in Dutch shelter cats; a randomized controlled trial Alan – Edward Gorey’s version of a tarot card deck Vincent – Wellcome Global Monitor 2026: Trust in science under pressure

Listener Pick

Anne – Blockers, by Michael Lewis

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello are distressed by the continued upheaval of leadership at the CDC, recent news of H5 highly pathogenic influenza virus found on mink farms in Utah and in the polar bear population of Greenland, continuing spread of dengue virus in Florida and screwworm in the US, the Ebola outbreak in Kenya, identification of cross-reactive T cells following administration of VSV-ZEBOV-GP vaccine and re-addressing vaccination policy changes in Florida and the global burden of measles infection before Dr. Griffin deep dives into recent statistics RSV, influenza, SARS-CoV-2 infections and measles, ineffectiveness of the measles vaccine in infants under 9 months old, efficacy of high dose and standard dose of the influenza vaccine for the elderly, familial susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and contacting your federal government representative to stop the assault on science and biomedical research.

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• C.D.C. Deputy Director Resigns After Four Months in the JobFinds(NY Times)
• Preliminary report on H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza in Utah mink, August 2026(Virological)
• Evidence of Exposure to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 Viruses in East Greenland Polar Bears (CDC: Emerging Infectious Diseases)
• Florida counties declare emergency over wildly unusual dengue outbreak (Washington Post)
• Dengue (WHO:Dengue)
• Dashboard SCREWWORM.Gov (USDA: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service)
• CDC Activates Emergency Operations Center for New World Screwworm Response (CDC Newroom)
• Cross-reactive T-cell responses against BDBV in humans after rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP vaccination (LANCET: Infectious Diseases)
• Kenya reports 2nd Ebola death as Nigeria races to understand transmission of index patient(CIDRAP)
• Kenya reports second death from Ebola (Reuters)
• Ebola DRC (X)
• Ebola dashboard (ebola.fyi)
• EBOLA: The Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2026(WHO)
• Projected effects of removing school-entry vaccination requirements on measles transmission in Florida (PNAS)
• Removing Florida vaccination requirements: Clinical Update TWiV 1352 (microbeTV)
• TWiV 1369: Florida Model Makes Measles Great Again (microbeTV)
• Global and regional burden of measles and vaccine coverage among children under 5 years, 1990−2023: a Global Burden of Disease Study (Nature Medicine)
• Global measles cases in kids rose 40% from 2020 to 2023, study estimates(CIDRAP)
• As measles soars in Pennsylvania, some parents are vaccinating their babies early (CIDRAP)
• Immunogenicity, effectiveness, and safety of measles vaccination in infants younger than 9 months: a systematic review and meta-analysis (LANCET: Infectious Diseases)
• Guidance for measles in pregnancy and congenital measles (Pennsylvaina Department of Health)
• Wastewater for measles (WasterWater Scan)
• Measles cases and outbreaks (CDC Rubeola)
• Big outbreak, bright lights…Measles Dashboard (South Carolina Department of Public Health)
• Utah measles outbreak response (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Utah Measles Dashboard (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Measles (VDH: Virginia Department of Health)
• Tracking Measles Cases in the U.S. (Johns Hopkins)
• HAP’s Latest News Pa. Launches New Measles Dashboard (Hospital + HealthSystem Association of Pennsylvania)
• Measles (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania)
• Measles Dashboard (New York State: Department of Health)
• Weekly measles and rubella monitoring (Government of Canada)
• Measles (WHO)
• Get the FACTS about measles (NY State Department of Health)
• Measles (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Measles vaccine (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Presumptive evidence of measles immunity (CDC)
• Contraindications and precautions to measles vaccination (CDC)
• Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: evidence bearing on causality (NLM)
• Measles Vaccination: Know the Facts(ISDA: Infectious Diseases Society of America)
• Deaths following vaccination: what does the evidence show (Vaccine)
• Measles Cases and Outbreaks (CDC: Rubeola)
• Laboratory Testing for Measles (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Measles Clinical Diagnosis Fact Sheet (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Measles Serology Testing (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• First evidence of measles virus detected from exhaled breath in humans (CMI:Clinical Microbiology and Infection)
• New York State Seasonal Respiratory Virus Dashboard(New York State: Department of Health)
• Influenza: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Respiratory virus activity levels (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Flu vaccine recommendations: Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee March 12, 2026 Meeting Announcement (FDA)
• WHO updates all 3 viral strains to be included in fall flu shots(CIDRAP)
• Effectiveness of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccines against severe respiratory and secondary cardiovascular outcomes in adults aged ≥80 years (CMI: Clincial Microbiology and Infection)
• Humoral Immunogenicity of mRNA-1010, an mRNA-based Seasonal Influenza Vaccine, in Adults ≥50 Years (OFID)
• FDA vaccine advisers recommend adding subclade K to fall shots(CIDRAP)
• Weekly surveillance report: cliff notes (CDC FluView)
• OPTION 2: XOFLUZA $50 Cash Pay Option(xofluza)
• RSV: Wastewater scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• RSV-Network (CDC Respiratory Syncytial virus Infection)
• Vaccines for Adults (CDC: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV))
• Economic Analysis of Protein Subunit and mRNA RSV Vaccination in Adults aged 50-59 Years (CDC: ACIP)
• Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Respiratory Illnesses Data Channel (CDC: Respiratory Illnesses)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Moderna Receives U.S. FDA Approval for Updated 2026-2027 COVID-19 Vaccines (Moderna)
• Novavax’s Partnership Strategy Continues to Deliver with XFG-adapted Nuvaxovid™ Approvals in the U.S., EU and Japan for 2026-2027 Vaccination Season (novavax)
• Pfizer and BioNTech Receive U.S. FDA Approval for XFG-adapted COVID-19 Vaccine(Pfizer)
• FDA approves new COVID vaccines(CIDRAP)
• Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET) (CDC: Covid)
• Familial factors in SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 severity: a nationwide Danish study of adult twins and their spouses (International Journal of Epidemiology)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• Infusion center (Prime Fusions)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Help your eligible patients access PAXLOVID with the PAXCESS Patient Support Program (Pfizer Pro)
• Understanding Coverage Options (PAXCESS)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Daniel Griffin’s evidence based medical practices for long COVID (OFID)
• Long COVID hotline (Columbia : Columbia University Irving Medical Center)
• The answers: Long COVID
• Reaching out to US house representative
• Letters read on TWiV 1370
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

TWiV explains projected effects of removing school-entry vaccination requirements on measles transmission in Florida and evidence that HLA class I escape drives the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in human populations.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Brianne Barker

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Support science education at MicrobeTV
• Effects of removing Florida school vaccination mandates (PNAS)
• HLA escape drives SARS-CoV-2 evolution (PNAS)
• The other landscape of SARS-CoV-2 evolution (PNAS)
• Letters read on TWiV 1369
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Picks of the Week

Brianne – Astronomers Discover the First Green Star Rich – Inside the Johns Hopkins Psilocybin Playlist by Marc Shapiro (2020) Alan – The Wreck of the Mentor, by Eric Jay Dolin Vincent – The Apollo 11 Code is Open Source (and its’ hilarious)

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello are discouraged by the continuous attack on vaccines especially the birth dose of the hepatitis B virus vaccine, effects of the 2026 changes in immunization schedule, the global burden of vaccine preventable diseases including pertussis and measles, expansion of the Bundibugyo ebolavirus outbreak in Kenya, increase in rabies diagnosis in the US and screwworm cases before Dr. Griffin deep dives into recent statistics RSV, influenza, SARS-CoV-2 infections, measles including an 8% increase in confirmed cases in 1 week in the US and its history especially the Faroe Island outbreak in 1846, warnings of congenital measles, effect of Fluvoxamine and Metformin to combat fatigue of long COVID and contacting your federal government representative to stop the assault on science and biomedical research.

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Kennedy’s Vaccine Plan Could Cause Surge in Hepatitis B, Study Finds(NY Times)
• Projected Effect of 2026 Federal Changes to the Childhood Immunization Schedule on Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infections in the United States (Annals of Internal Medicine)
• Highlights from the Meeting of the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on Immunization (WHO)
• The Effect of Pertussis Vaccination During Pregnancy on Pertussis and Diphtheria Immunity in Children at 3 and 4 Years of Age (JID)
• Effectiveness of Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine in Children Aged 6 Months–6 Years During a Statewide Pertussis Outbreak — Alaska, May–November 2024 (CDC: MMWR)
• Recommended Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedule for Ages 18 Years or Younger (AAP)
• Global, regional and national burden of pertussis in 1990–2023: a Global Burden of Disease study (Nature Medicine)
• Is Rabies Making a Comeback? (NY Times)
• Dashboard SCREWWORM.Gov (USDA: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service)
• CDC Activates Emergency Operations Center for New World Screwworm Response (CDC Newroom)
• Epidemiological Alert: Myiasis caused by Cochliomyia hominivorax in the Americas Region, 16 October 2026 (PAHO)
• Ebola DRC (X)
• Ebola dashboard (ebola.fyi)
• EBOLA: The Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2026 (WHO)
• Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak Democratic Republic of the Congo (WHO: Democratic Republic of Congo)
• Ebola Outbreak: Current Situation (CDC:Ebola)
• Kenya confirms first Ebola case after man who travelled from Congo dies (Reuters)
• Kenya reports second Ebola case, family member of first patient (Reuters)
• Kenya confirms third Ebola case as health officials race to contain outbreak (Africanews)
• Is Ebola under control in Kenya after nine cases confirmed? (BBC)
• Nigeria confirms imported case of Ebola Bundibugyo virus disease (WHO: African region)
• As Ebola epidemic rages, Congo bets on high-stakes ‘hope’ vaccine trial (Science)
• US measles cases grow by 8% in 1 week, for a total of 4,410 (CIDRAP)
• Amish Families Pushed to Undo a Vaccine Law. Then Measles Arrived. (NY Times)
• Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis after Measles Outbreaks, the Philippines, 2007–2022(CDC: Emergin Infectious Diseases)
• Observations Made During the Epidemic of Measles on the Faroe Islands in the Year 1846 (Amazon)
• “The Sombre Aspect of the Entire Landscape” — Epidemiology and the Faroe Islands (NEJM)
• Guidance for measles in pregnancy and congenital measles (Pennsylvaina Department of Health)
• Pennsylvania raises alarm on congenital measles (CIDRAP)
• C.D.C. Ignored Request From States to Validate a New Measles Test (NY Times)
• Wastewater for measles (WasterWater Scan)
• Measles cases and outbreaks (CDC Rubeola)
• Big outbreak, bright lights…Measles Dashboard (South Carolina Department of Public Health)
• Utah measles outbreak response (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Utah Measles Dashboard (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Measles (VDH: Virginia Department of Health)
• Tracking Measles Cases in the U.S. (Johns Hopkins)
• HAP’s Latest News Pa. Launches New Measles Dashboard (Hospital + HealthSystem Association of Pennsylvania)
• Measles (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania)
• Measles Dashboard (New York State: Department of Health)
• Weekly measles and rubella monitoring (Government of Canada)
• Measles (WHO)
• Get the FACTS about measles (NY State Department of Health)
• Measles (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Measles vaccine (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Presumptive evidence of measles immunity (CDC)
• Contraindications and precautions to measles vaccination (CDC)
• Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: evidence bearing on causality (NLM)
• Measles Vaccination: Know the Facts(ISDA: Infectious Diseases Society of America)
• Deaths following vaccination: what does the evidence show (Vaccine)
• Measles Cases and Outbreaks (CDC: Rubeola)
• Laboratory Testing for Measles (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Measles Clinical Diagnosis Fact Sheet (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Measles Serology Testing (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Influenza: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Respiratory virus activity levels (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Flu vaccine recommendations: Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee March 12, 2026 Meeting Announcement (FDA)
• WHO updates all 3 viral strains to be included in fall flu shots (CIDRAP)
• FDA vaccine advisers recommend adding subclade K to fall shots( CIDRAP)
• Weekly surveillance report: cliff notes (CDC FluView)
• RSV: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• RSV-Network (CDC Respiratory Syncytial virus Infection)
• Vaccines for Adults (CDC: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV))
• Economic Analysis of Protein Subunit and mRNA RSV Vaccination in Adults aged 50-59 Years (CDC: ACIP)
• RSV Immunization Effectiveness and Safety for the 2026-2027 Respiratory Season (JAMA)
• Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Respiratory Illnesses Data Channel (CDC: Respiratory Illnesses)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Ensitrelvir for Covid-19 Postexposure Prophylaxis in Household Contacts (NEJM)
• Moderna Receives U.S. FDA Approval for Updated 2026-2027 COVID-19 Vaccines (Moderna)
• Novavax’s Partnership Strategy Continues to Deliver with XFG-adapted Nuvaxovid™ Approvals in the U.S., EU and Japan for 2026-2027 Vaccination Season (novavax)
• Pfizer and BioNTech Receive U.S. FDA Approval for XFG-adapted COVID-19 Vaccine (Pfizer)
• FDA approves new COVID vaccines (CIDRAP)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• Infusion center (Prime Fusions)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Help your eligible patients access PAXLOVID with the PAXCESS Patient Support Program (Pfizer Pro)
• Understanding Coverage Options (PAXCESS)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Daniel Griffin’s evidence based medical practices for long COVID (OFID)
• Long COVID hotline (Columbia : Columbia University Irving Medical Center)
• The answers: Long COVID
• Effect of Fluvoxamine and Metformin for Fatigue in Patients With Long COVID (Annals of Internal Medicine)
• Reaching out to US house representative
• Letters read on TWiV 1368
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

TWiV explains a study which shows that influenza A virus infection induces immune dysregulation in the placenta and fetus without vertical transmission in nonhuman primates, and development of an epigenetic silencer therapy to transcriptionally inactivate viral DNA in chronic hepatitis B.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Support science education at MicrobeTV
• Helen Branswell, 69 (STAT)
• Influenza A virus and fetal immune dysregulation (Sci Adv)
• Epigenetic silencing for hepatitis B (Nat Biomed Eng)
• Letters read on TWiV 1367
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Picks of the Week

Brianne – A healing touch for coral bleaching Kathy – Saturday Morning Physics especially The Science of Survey Research Rich – Everything is Tuberculosis by John Green Vincent – Death by Black Hole: And Other Cosmic Quandaries by Neil deGrasse Tyson

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello are crestfallen to learn of the 6th measles death in Pennsylvania and more than 9000 deaths from Ebola, an enterovirus/Coxsackievirus outbreak at the University of Pennsylvania, decimation of the HIV services following withdrawal of PEPFAR and USAID, role of gut microbes in vaccine adverse events such as fever, continued raw milk consumption, and thermostable nanoparticles for mRNA vaccine delivery before Dr. Griffin deep dives into recent statistics RSV, influenza, SARS-CoV-2 infections, measles, development of a rapid diagnostic for measles, how long COVID effects sleep cycles and the microbiome, and contacting your federal government representative to stop the assault on science and biomedical research.

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Hand, foot, and mouth disease cases spike at Penn this fall (The Daily Pennsylvanian)
• HIV service delivery after the PEPFAR and USAID HIV funding withdrawal in Uganda and Zimbabwe: an interrupted time-series study (LANCET: Global Health)
• The human gut microbiome primes fever after vaccination (Science)
• Escape to 11,100’ in Rustic Luxury (HaydenBackcountry)
• Consumption of Unpasteurized (Raw) Milk and Milk Products by Pregnant People and Children: Policy Statement (Pediatrics)
• Raw milk poses serious infection risks with no added health benefits, pediatrician group warns (CIDRAP)
• The Science and the Stakes of Raw Milk Consumption with Pam Ruegg, Nicole Martin, and Daniel Griffin (Dairy Digressions)
• First Birth Cohort Eligible for Chickenpox Vaccine Had a Sharp Drop in Shingles Cases (Epic Research)
• Accelerated discovery of thermostable mRNA–lipid nanoparticle vaccines using data-efficient AI (Nature: Biotechnology)
• Legionnaires’ Disease (NYC: Health)
• Dashboard SCREWWORM.Gov (USDA: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service)
• CDC Activates Emergency Operations Center for New World Screwworm Response (CDC Newroom)
• Ebola DRC (X)
• Ebola dashboard (ebola.fyi)
• EBOLA: The Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2026 (WHO)
• Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak Democratic Republic of the Congo(WHO: Democratic Republic of Congo)
• Ebola Outbreak: Current Situation (CDC:Ebola)
• Congo’s Ebola infections surpass 9,000, government report shows (Reuters)
• I’ve Worked in Congo for Decades. I’ve Never Seen an Ebola Crisis Like This (NY Times)
• Pennsylvania reports its 6th measles death, in a Franklin County resident (CIDRAP)
• Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis after Measles Outbreaks, the Philippines, 2007–2022 (CDC: Emerging Infectious Diseases)
• Measles Outbreak in Amish Country Forces Some to Rethink Vaccines (NY Times)
• Wastewater for measles (WasterWater Scan)
• Measles cases and outbreaks (CDC Rubeola)
• Big outbreak, bright lights…Measles Dashboard (South Carolina Department of Public Health)
• Utah measles outbreak response (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Utah Measles Dashboard (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Measles (VDH: Virginia Department of Health)
• Tracking Measles Cases in the U.S. (Johns Hopkins)
• HAP’s Latest News Pa. Launches New Measles Dashboard (Hospital + HealthSystem Association of Pennsylvania)
• Measles (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania)
• Measles Dashboard (New York State: Department of Health)
• Made in Africa: New measles rapid diagnostic tests mark breakthrough for vaccination efforts (GAVI: The Vaccine Alliance)
• Weekly measles and rubella monitoring (Government of Canada)
• Measles (WHO)
• Get the FACTS about measles (NY State Department of Health)
• Measles (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Measles vaccine (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Presumptive evidence of measles immunity (CDC)
• Contraindications and precautions to measles vaccination (CDC)
• Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: evidence bearing on causality (NLM)
• Measles Vaccination: Know the Facts (ISDA: Infectious Diseases Society of America)
• Deaths following vaccination: what does the evidence show (Vaccine)
• Measles Cases and Outbreaks (CDC: Rubeola)
• Laboratory Testing for Measles (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Measles Clinical Diagnosis Fact Sheet (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Measles Serology Testing (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Influenza: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Respiratory virus activity levels (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Flu vaccine recommendations: Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee March 12, 2026 Meeting Announcement (FDA)
• WHO updates all 3 viral strains to be included in fall flu shots (CIDRAP)
• FDA vaccine advisers recommend adding subclade K to fall shots (CIDRAP)
• Weekly surveillance report: cliff notes (CDC FluView)
• OPTION 2: XOFLUZA $50 Cash Pay Option (xofluza)
• RSV: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• RSV-Network (CDC Respiratory Syncytial virus Infection)
• Vaccines for Adults (CDC: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV))
• Economic Analysis of Protein Subunit and mRNA RSV Vaccination in Adults aged 50-59 Years (CDC: ACIP)
• RSV Immunization Effectiveness and Safety for the 2026-2027 Respiratory Season (JAMA)
• Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Respiratory Illnesses Data Channel (CDC: Respiratory Illnesses)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Moderna Receives U.S. FDA Approval for Updated 2026-2027 COVID-19 Vaccines (Moderna)
• Novavax’s Partnership Strategy Continues to Deliver with XFG-adapted Nuvaxovid™ Approvals in the U.S., EU and Japan for 2026-2027 Vaccination Season (novavax)
• Pfizer and BioNTech Receive U.S. FDA Approval for XFG-adapted COVID-19 Vaccine (Pfizer)
• FDA approves new COVID vaccines (CIDRAP)
• Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET)(CDC: Covid)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• Infusion center (Prime Fusions)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Help your eligible patients access PAXLOVID with the PAXCESS Patient Support Program (Pfizer Pro)
• Understanding Coverage Options (PAXCESS)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Daniel Griffin’s evidence based medical practices for long COVID (OFID)
• Long COVID hotline (Columbia : Columbia University Irving Medical Center)
• The answers: Long COVID
• Characterizing sleep disturbance phenotypes in long COVID: an EHR-based study from a safety-net hospital (Academia Medicine and Health)
• Sputum and oral microbiota profiles are associated with long COVID severity and phenotype post-hospitalisation: a UK multicentre, prospective cohort study (European Respiratory Journal)
• Microtesla magnetic therapy for cognitive impairment in long COVID: a randomized pilot study (Brian Communications)
• Reaching out to US house representative
• Letters read on TWiV 1366
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

TWiV travels to Porto, Portugal for the annual meeting of the European Society for Clinical Virology, where he speaks with Catherine and Corinne about their work on the Andes virus outbreak on the MV Hondius.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Catherine Houlihan and Corinne Guerts van Kessel

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Support science education at MicrobeTV
• Transient Andes RNA detection in asymptomatic healthcare worker (Eurosurveill)
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello discuss their continuing struggle to understand the ongoing outbreak of cyclospora, decimation of US public health including 30% or greater loss of personnel from the CDC, continuing measles outbreaks here and aboard, a mumps outbreak in San Diego and a Hib death in Montana, criminalization of pediatricians in Texas, dengue associated death in Florida, Ebola in Kenya, a new Legionnaires outbreak, screw worm cases, and a hearing in Florida to end requirements of four vaccines including Hib and chickenpox, before Dr. Griffin deep dives into recent statistics RSV, influenza, SARS-CoV-2 infections, the continued measles outbreak in Pennsylvania, US, Canada, statistics on vaccine preventable disease mortality in children, effectiveness of adjuvanted high dose influenza vaccine and contacting your federal government representative to stop the assault on science and biomedical research.

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Smallpox History and Decisive Actions of George Washington (CDC: Emerging Infectious Diseases)
• Christina Jewett (NY Times)
• Caroline Hopkins Legaspi (NY Times)
• F.D.A. Found Cyclospora During Taylor Farms Inspection in Mexico (NY Times)
• Suspected plague incident leaves 1 dead, 200 under quarantine in Siberia (CIDRAP)
• Dozens quarantined in Siberia after plague institute lab worker dies (Reuters)
• Russia tells WHO there are no plague cases in Siberian city (Reuters)
• 30% effective workforce loss across CDC (AFGE Local 2883)
• CDC Leadership (CDC: About CDC)
• CDC Leadership 2025 (CDC)
• They Fought Outbreaks Worldwide. Now They’re Fighting for New Lives. (NY Times)
• ‘Zombified’ C.D.C., Hobbled by Cuts, Struggles to Fulfill Scientific Mission(NY Times)
• San Diego State football hit by mumps outbreak with 14 confirmed cases ahead of Pac-12 opener (CBS Sports)
• Texas Pediatricians Face Paxton Investigations for Vaccinating Children (NY Times)
• Montana DPHHS reports pediatric death from complications of invasive Hib infection (NBC: Montana)
• Florida announces Oct. 8 hearing on plan to end rules for four vaccines (WUSF: NPR Health News Florida)
• Legionnaires’ Disease (NYC: Health)
• 2 confirmed cases of Legionnaires’ disease at Queens apartment complex prompt NYC Health Department probe (CBS News)
• Dashboard SCREWWORM.Gov (USDA: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service)
• CDC Activates Emergency Operations Center for New World Screwworm Response (CDC Newroom)
• Kenya Records Ebola Case for First Time (NY Times)
• Ebola DRC (X)
• Ebola dashboard (ebola.fyi)
• EBOLA: The Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2026 (WHO)
• Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak Democratic Republic of the Congo (WHO: Democratic Republic of Congo)
• Ebola Outbreak: Current Situation (CDC:Ebola)
• Hochul Declares a Measles Emergency as Cases Rise in Rural New York( NY Times)
• Pediatric Deaths during Measles Outbreak, Jerusalem, Israel, 2025–2026 (CDC: Emerging Infectious Diseases)
• Small quantity lipid-based nutritional supplementation and measles vaccination coverage in children aged 6−23 months: a pragmatic cluster-randomized trial (Nature Medicine)
• Measles Outbreak in Amish Country Forces Some to Rethink Vaccines (NY Times)
• Wastewater for measles (WasterWater Scan)
• Measles cases and outbreaks (CDC Rubeola)
• Big outbreak, bright lights…Measles Dashboard (South Carolina Department of Public Health)
• Utah measles outbreak response (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Utah Measles Dashboard (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Measles (VDH: Virginia Department of Health)
• Tracking Measles Cases in the U.S. (Johns Hopkins)
• HAP’s Latest News Pa. Launches New Measles Dashboard (Hospital + HealthSystem Association of Pennsylvania)
• Measles (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania)
• Measles Dashboard (New York State: Department of Health)
• Governor Hochul Declares State Disaster Emergency in Response to Ongoing Measles Outbreak (New York State: Department of Health)
• Weekly measles and rubella monitoring (Government of Canada)
• Measles (WHO)
• Get the FACTS about measles (NY State Department of Health)
• Measles (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Measles vaccine (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Presumptive evidence of measles immunity (CDC)
• Contraindications and precautions to measles vaccination (CDC)
• Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: evidence bearing on causality (NLM)
• Measles Vaccination: Know the Facts(ISDA: Infectious Diseases Society of America)
• Deaths following vaccination: what does the evidence show (Vaccine)
• Measles and rubella weekly monitoring report (2025) (Government of Canada)
• Measles Cases and Outbreaks (CDC: Rubeola)
• Laboratory Testing for Measles (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Measles Clinical Diagnosis Fact Sheet (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Measles Serology Testing (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Annual flu vaccines are far from ideal — this is why (Nature)
• Virology’s most wanted: the influenza virus (Nature)
• Early flu spike closes schools, clinics move up vaccinations (The Asahi Shimbun)
• Flu season could kick off ‘incredibly’ early — what scientists are watching (Nature)
• Near real-time data on the human neutralizing antibody landscape to influenza virus as of the summer of 2026 to inform vaccine-strain selection (Summary results)(Jbloomlab)
• Influenza: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Respiratory virus activity levels (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Vaccine-Preventable Infectious Disease Mortality Among Children in the Post-vaccine Era: Persistent Burden and Emerging Temporal Trends (Cureus Journal of Medical Science)
• Flu vaccine recommendations: Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee March 12, 2026 Meeting Announcement (FDA)
• WHO updates all 3 viral strains to be included in fall flu shots (CIDRAP)
• FDA vaccine advisers recommend adding subclade K to fall shots (CIDRAP)
• Weekly surveillance report: clift notes (CDC FluView)
• OPTION 2: XOFLUZA $50 Cash Pay Option (xofluza)
• Adjuvanted and high-dose influenza vaccines had comparable effectiveness against test-confirmed influenza outcomes including hospitalizations in overall and high-risk older adults in the 2022–2023 and 2023–2024 seasons (International Journal of Infectious Diseases)
• Influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza A-associated hospitalization and severe in-hospital outcomes among adults in the United States, 2024–2025 (CID)
• RSV: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• RSV-Network (CDC Respiratory Syncytial virus Infection)
• Vaccines for Adults (CDC: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV))
• Economic Analysis of Protein Subunit and mRNA RSV Vaccination in Adults aged 50-59 Years (CDC: ACIP)
• RSV Immunization Effectiveness and Safety for the 2026-2027 Respiratory Season (JAMA)
• Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Respiratory Illnesses Data Channel (CDC: Respiratory Illnesses)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Moderna Receives U.S. FDA Approval for Updated 2026-2027 COVID-19 Vaccines (Moderna)
• Novavax’s Partnership Strategy Continues to Deliver with XFG-adapted Nuvaxovid™ Approvals in the U.S., EU and Japan for 2026-2027 Vaccination Season (novavax)
• Pfizer and BioNTech Receive U.S. FDA Approval for XFG-adapted COVID-19 Vaccine (Pfizer)
• FDA approves new COVID vaccines (CIDRAP)
• Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET) (CDC: Covid)
• Temporary Cessation of DMARD Therapy and COVID-19 Supplemental Dose Vaccine Immunogenicity in Patients With Inflammatory Arthritis (JAMA Internal Medicine)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• Infusion center (Prime Fusions)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Help your eligible patients access PAXLOVID with the PAXCESS Patient Support Program (Pfizer Pro)
• Understanding Coverage Options (PAXCESS)
• Prophylactic vs Therapeutic Anticoagulation in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 (JAMA: Open Network)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Daniel Griffin’s evidence based medical practices for long COVID (OFID)
• Long COVID hotline (Columbia : Columbia University Irving Medical Center)
• The answers: Long COVID Reaching out to US house representative
• Letters read on TWiV 1364
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

TWiV explains a study testing how 16 hypothesized social and environmental drivers impact disease outbreaks, concluding that infectious disease spillover and emergence are multi-causal, and that no one-size-fits-all strategy can prevent epidemics and pandemics, and an analysis of Myotis bats, which shows that their remarkable longevity and immunity are linked through pleiotropic adaptations to viruses and aging-related disease.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Angela Mingarelli

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Support science education at MicrobeTV
• Virus Appreciation Day (Day of the Year)
• Anthropogenic fingerprint on emerging infectious diseases (Nature)
• Longevity and virus-driven adaptations in Myotis bats (Nature)
• Letters read on TWiV 1363
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Picks of the Week

Angela – Birds. Alan – Halloween t-shirts from my local animal shelter. Vincent – A Thousand Brains by Jeff Hawkins

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello continue their ongoing exasperation over 5 deaths in Pennsylvania associated with measles infections, the absurdity of RFK Jr.’s statement that AI is better informed than physicians, the outbreak of cholera, more deaths by raw milk products, spread of dengue virus in Florida, Ebola in DRC, refusal to acknowledge the benefits of the HBV vaccine birth dose, how TORCH agent infections impact neurodevelopment and may lead to increase chances of autism diagnosis, Legionnaires disease and screw worm cases, before Dr. Griffin deep dives into recent statistics on RSV, influenza, SARS-CoV-2 infections, the continued measles outbreak in Pennsylvania, US, and Canada, modeling predictions of the outcome for repealing measles vaccination requirements to enter school in Florida, reactogenicity of different COVID vaccines and contacting your federal government representative to stop the assault on science and biomedical research.

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• A.I. Is ‘Better Informed’ Than Doctors, Kennedy Tells Industry-Backed MAHA Summit (NY Times)
• WHO reports latest global trends in cholera, meningitis and plague (WHO)
• WHO: Global cholera deaths rose by 30% in2025 (CIDRAP)
• E. coli Outbreak Linked to Raw Milk Cheese (CDC: E. coli infection)
• CDC confirms multistate outbreak of E coli linked to raw milk cheese (CIDRAP)
• Dengue: Current Year Data (2026) (CDC: Dengue)
• Florida counties declare emergency over wildly unusual dengue outbreak (Washington Post)
• Critical role of hepatitis B birth dose vaccination in preventing mother-to-child transmission (CID)
• Effectiveness of timely hepatitis B birth dose vaccination to prevent mother-to-child transmission in Ethiopia (CID)
• Congenital TORCH Infections and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes (JAMA Pediatrics)
• Infections at birth substantially increase the risk of autism and intellectual disability, study finds (CIDRAP)
• UN Declaration on Pandemic Readiness May Head to General Assembly for Approval (Health Policy Watch)
• Legionnaires’ Disease (NYC: Health)
• Dashboard SCREWWORM.Gov (USDA: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service)
• CDC Activates Emergency Operations Center for New World Screwworm Response (CDC Newroom)
• Ebola dashboard (ebola.fyi)
• EBOLA: The Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2026 (WHO)
• Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak Democratic Republic of the Congo (WHO: Democratic Republic of Congo)
• Ebola Outbreak: Current Situation (CDC:Ebola)
• Wastewater for measles (WasterWater Scan)
• Measles cases and outbreaks (CDC Rubeola)
• Big outbreak, bright lights…Measles Dashboard (South Carolina Department of Public Health)
• Utah measles outbreak response (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Utah Measles Dashboard (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Measles (VDH: Virginia Department of Health)
• Tracking Measles Cases in the U.S. (Johns Hopkins)
• HAP’s Latest News Pa. Launches New Measles Dashboard (Hospital + HealthSystem Association of Pennsylvania)
• Measles (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania)
• Weekly measles and rubella monitoring (Government of Canada)
• Measles (WHO)
• Get the FACTS about measles (NY State Department of Health)
• Measles (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Measles vaccine (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Presumptive evidence of measles immunity (CDC)
• Contraindications and precautions to measles vaccination (CDC)
• Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: evidence bearing on causality (NLM)
• Measles Vaccination: Know the Facts (ISDA: Infectious Diseases Society of America)
• Deaths following vaccination: what does the evidence show (Vaccine)
• Measles cases top 900 in Pennsylvania as CDC confirms 2nd death (CIDRAP)
• Pennsylvania Department of Health Confirms Fifth Measles-Associated Death, Provides Statewide Update on Outbreak as Cases Reach 943 in 39 Counties (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania)
• Measles and rubella weekly monitoring report (2025) (Government of Canada)
• Projected effects of removing school-entry vaccination requirements on measles transmission in Florida (PNAS)
• Measles Cases and Outbreaks (CDC: Rubeola)
• Laboratory Testing for Measles (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Measles Clinical Diagnosis Fact Sheet (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Measles Serology Testing (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Influenza: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Respiratory virus activity levels (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Flu vaccine recommendations: Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee March 12, 2026 Meeting Announcement (FDA)
• WHO updates all 3 viral strains to be included in fall flu shots (CIDRAP)
• FDA vaccine advisers recommend adding subclade K to fall shots (CIDRAP)
• Weekly surveillance report: cliff notes (CDC FluView)
• OPTION 2: XOFLUZA $50 Cash Pay Option (xofluza)
• Immunogenicity and safety of an MF59-adjuvanted cell-derived higher-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (aQIVc) in adults aged 50 years or older: a phase 3 randomised controlled trial (LANCET: Infectious Diseases)
• RSV: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• RSV-Network (CDC Respiratory Syncytial virus Infection)
• Vaccines for Adults (CDC: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV))
• Economic Analysis of Protein Subunit and mRNA RSV Vaccination in Adults aged 50-59 Years (CDC: ACIP)
• RSV Immunization Effectiveness and Safety for the 2026-2027 Respiratory Season (JAMA)
• Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Respiratory Illnesses Data Channel (CDC: Respiratory Illnesses)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Moderna Receives U.S. FDA Approval for Updated 2026-2027 COVID-19 Vaccines (Moderna)
• Novavax’s Partnership Strategy Continues to Deliver with XFG-adapted Nuvaxovid™ Approvals in the U.S., EU and Japan for 2026-2027 Vaccination Season (novavax)
• Pfizer and BioNTech Receive U.S. FDA Approval for XFG-adapted COVID-19 Vaccine (Pfizer)
• FDA approves new COVID vaccines(CIDRAP)
• Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET) (CDC: Covid)
• The platform trial in COVID-19 priming and BOOsting (PICOBOO): The reactogenicity of nine licensed COVID-19 vaccines delivered in immunocompetent adults (Vaccine)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• Infusion center (Prime Fusions)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Help your eligible patients access PAXLOVID with the PAXCESS Patient Support Program (Pfizer Pro)
• Understanding Coverage Options (PAXCESS)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Daniel Griffin’s evidence based medical practices for long COVID (OFID)
• Long COVID hotline (Columbia : Columbia University Irving Medical Center)
• The answers: Long COVID
• Loss of vesicular monoamine transporter 2 in striatum of long COVID and relationship to neuropsychiatric symptoms (eBioMedicine)
• Reaching out to US house representative
• Letters read on TWiV 1362
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

TWiV explains discovery of a previously unknown mechanism of RNA-guided DNA recognition for genetic control that possibly predates the emergence of CRISPR pathways, and the possibility that Alzheimer’s Disease neuropathology evolved as a host defense response to microbial infection in the brain.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Brianne Barker

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Support science education at MicrobeTV
• Bob Tesh dies (Galv News)
• Comment on propsed changes to NIH peer review (NIH)
• NIH peer review proposed changes (Forbes)
• Ancient RNA guided DNA recognition (Science)
• Noncontiguous geometric triplex (Science)
• p-tau has anti-herpes virus activity (Nat Neurosci)
• Letters read on TWiV 1361
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Picks of the Week

Brianne – APoD September 14: Origins of Elements Alan – Redshirts, by John Scalzi Vincent – Prone to Bruise by David Molesky he’s at Spring/Break till 9/28

Listener Pick

Anne – Nikon Small World in Motion Competition

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello frustration continues over the increasing number of measles infections, Kennedy’s undermining of vaccines, perpetuation of autism- vaccine, autism-tylenol myths, an outbreak of hepatitis A virus in the US, the Ebola outbreak in Uganda, changes in reporting of virus infection and vaccine recommendations, Legionnaires disease and screw worm cases, and before Dr. Griffin deep dives into recent statistics RSV, influenza, SARS-CoV-2 infections, economics of a measles outbreak in Chicago, what defines reactogenicity of the mRNA COVID vaccines, the on-going delay by HHS of COVID shots for children, neuropsychiatric symptoms of long COVID and contacting your federal government representative to stop the assault on science and biomedical research.

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• CDC adds 177 cases to US measles total but has yet to confirm deaths in Pennsylvania (CIDRAP)
• Kennedy questions vaccine safety at Children’s Health Defense event (CIDRAP)
• Trump says some routine immunizations will be split into five separate shots. Vaccine experts say it won’t work (CNN)
• Multistate Hepatitis A Outbreak Potentially Linked to Frozen Clams (CDC: Hepatitis A)
• Cumulative Incidence and Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (JAMA Pediatrics)
• Data and Statistics on Autism Spectrum Disorder (CDC: Autism Spectrum Disorder)
• Study uncovers no evidence of autism epidemic, despite claims (CIDRAP)
• Florida confirms a death from dengue as the state struggles with one of its worst recent outbreaks (AP News)
• Legionnaires’ Disease (NYC: Health)
• Dashboard SCREWWORM.Gov (USDA: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service)
• CDC Activates Emergency Operations Center for New World Screwworm Response (CDC Newroom)
• Democratic Republic of Congo (AP News)
• Ebola virus (AP News)
• Congo begins Ebola vaccinations for health workers in the epicenter of the outbreak (AP News)
• Ebola dashboard (ebola.fyi)
• EBOLA: The Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2026 (WHO)
• Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak Democratic Republic of the Congo(WHO: Democratic Republic of Congo)
• Ebola Outbreak: Current Situation (CDC:Ebola)
• Wastewater for measles (WasterWater Scan)
• Measles cases and outbreaks (CDC Rubeola)
• Big outbreak, bright lights…Measles Dashboard (South Carolina Department of Public Health)
• Utah measles outbreak response (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Utah Measles Dashboard (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Measles (VDH: Virginia Department of Health)
• Tracking Measles Cases in the U.S. (Johns Hopkins)
• HAP’s Latest News Pa. Launches New Measles Dashboard (Hospital + HealthSystem Association of Pennsylvania)
• Measles (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania)
• Measles vaccine recommendations from NYP (jpg)
• Weekly measles and rubella monitoring (Government of Canada)
• Measles (WHO)
• Get the FACTS about measles (NY State Department of Health)
• Measles (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Measles vaccine (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Presumptive evidence of measles immunity (CDC)
• Contraindications and precautions to measles vaccination (CDC)
• Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: evidence bearing on causality (NLM)
• Measles Vaccination: Know the Facts (ISDA: Infectious Diseases Society of America)
• Deaths following vaccination: what does the evidence show (Vaccine)
• Pennsylvania asks CDC for emergency assistance amid RFK Jr. clash over measles(The Hill)
• Pennsylvania measles-associated deaths climb to four as outbreak grows (Reuters)
• Pennsylvania asks for CDC measles help amid Kennedy dispute (Reuters)
• Republican senator faults Trump vaccine policy for US measles deaths as panel weighs health nominees (Reuters)
• US CDC works on standard definition for measles deaths as cases rise (Reuters)
• Cost of a Measles Outbreak in an Urban Shelter (JAMA Open Network)
• Measles outbreak in Chicago shelter cost nearly $9 million, CDC estimates (CIDRAP)
• World’s most contagious virus hits major US airport as officials warn of possible exposure (FoxNews)
• Measles Cases and Outbreaks (CDC: Rubeola)
• Laboratory Testing for Measles (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Measles Clinical Diagnosis Fact Sheet (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Measles Serology Testing (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Influenza: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Respiratory virus activity levels (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Flu vaccine recommendations: Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee March 12, 2026 Meeting Announcement (FDA)
• WHO updates all 3 viral strains to be included in fall flu shots(CIDRAP)
• FDA vaccine advisers recommend adding subclade K to fall shots(CIDRAP)
• Weekly surveillance report: cliff notes (CDC FluView)
• OPTION 2: XOFLUZA $50 Cash Pay Option (xofluza)
• Immunogenicity and safety of an MF59-adjuvanted cell-derived higher-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (aQIVc) in adults aged 50 years or older: a phase 3 randomised controlled trial (LANCET: Infectious Diseases)
• RSV: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• RSV-Network (CDC Respiratory Syncytial virus Infection)
• Vaccines for Adults (CDC: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV))
• Economic Analysis of Protein Subunit and mRNA RSV Vaccination in Adults aged 50-59 Years (CDC: ACIP)
• RSV Immunization Effectiveness and Safety for the 2026-2027 Respiratory Season (JAMA)
• Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Respiratory Illnesses Data Channel (CDC: Respiratory Illnesses)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Moderna Receives U.S. FDA Approval for Updated 2026-2027 COVID-19 Vaccines (Moderna)
• Novavax’s Partnership Strategy Continues to Deliver with XFG-adapted Nuvaxovid™ Approvals in the U.S., EU and Japan for 2026-2027 Vaccination Season (novavax)
• Pfizer and BioNTech Receive U.S. FDA Approval for XFG-adapted COVID-19 Vaccine (Pfizer)
• FDA approves new COVID vaccines (CIDRAP)
• Baseline interferon signaling in monocytes and antibody-mediated innate activation are associated with reactogenicity to mRNA vaccines (Science Translational Medicine)
• Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET)(CDC: Covid)
• CDC inaction delays COVID shots for low-income children (CIDRAP)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• Infusion center (Prime Fusions)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Help your eligible patients access PAXLOVID with the PAXCESS Patient Support Program (Pfizer Pro)
• Understanding Coverage Options (PAXCESS)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Daniel Griffin’s evidence based medical practices for long COVID (OFID)
• Long COVID hotline (Columbia : Columbia University Irving Medical Center)
• The answers: Long COVID
• Loss of vesicular monoamine transporter 2 in striatum of long COVID and relationship to neuropsychiatric symptoms (eBioMedicine)
• Reaching out to US house representative
• Letters read on TWiV 1360
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

Roberto Cattaneo and Kalpana Yadav join TWiV at the 2026 meeting of the American Society for Virology to discuss how the absence of measles virus receptors in the brain selects for hyperfusogenic variants that spread neuron-to-neuron and cause subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, a rare but fatal long-term neurological sequela of measles infection.

Host: Vincent Racaniello

Guests: Roberto Cattaneo and Kalpana Yadav

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Support science education at MicrobeTV
• How measles virus adapts to the brain (Ann Rev Virol)
• Measles virus F50S change in neuronal spread (J Virol)
• Measles virus collective infectious unit and SSPE (J Virol)
• Measles virus brain tropism acquisition (PLoS Path)
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello are angered by the continuous reporting of measles deaths in the US and around the world, the Ebola outbreak in Uganda, changes in reporting of virus infection and vaccine recommendations, establishing an NIH research center on vaccine harms, Legionnaires at Yankee stadium and the first time in more than half a century reporting of an equine screwworm case, and how HHS may prevent more than half of US children from getting the COVID-19 vaccine this season before Dr. Griffin deep dives into recent statistics RSV, influenza, SARS-CoV-2 infections, efficacy and safety of the 2026-2027 COVID-19 vaccine, and contacting your federal government representative to stop the assault on science and biomedical research.

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Unvaccinated Woman Likely Died of Measles Complications, Pa. County Coroner Says NY Times)
• Confirmed death of an 18-year old due to complications of measles (Facebook: Mifflin County Coroner’s Office)
• CDC’s new tracking method for measles deaths puzzles experts (CIDRAP)
• Kennedy to deliver keynote for anti-vaccine group he once led (STATNews)
• Exclusive: New NIH research center on vaccine harms takes shape (Science)
• US pediatricians report seeing fewer patients because of immigration enforcement worries (CIDRAP)
• Surgeon General Nominee Pledges Support for Vaccines in Senate Hearing (NY Times)
• CIDRAP Op-Ed: HHS is asking what to call vaccine recommendations. You have 4 days to weigh in. (CIDRAP)
• 21,000 Unvaccinated Children Are Not a Minor Problem, But a Warning Sign (GPEI)
• Researchers file First Amendment challenge to NIH grant screening (Science)
• Cooling towers at Yankee Stadium test positive for Legionnaires’ in new cluster (NBC News)
• Legionnaires’ Disease (NYC: Health)
• Dashboard SCREWWORM.Gov (USDA: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service)
• CDC Activates Emergency Operations Center for New World Screwworm Response (CDC Newroom)
• Texas ranch horse becomes nation’s first confirmed equine New World screwworm case (Houston Chronicle)
• Quick takes: Cautious optimism on Ebola, rare New World screwworm in a horse, HIV alert in Fiji (CIDRAP)
• Ebola dashboard (ebola.fyi)
• EBOLA: The Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2026 (WHO)
• Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak Democratic Republic of the Congo (WHO: Democratic Republic of Congo)
• Ebola Outbreak: Current Situation (CDC:Ebola)
• Notes from the Field: The First 100 Days of Five Ebola Outbreaks — Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, and West Africa, 2007–2026 (CDC: MMWR)
• Notes from the Field: Characteristics and Monitoring of the 2026 Outbreak of Ebola Disease Caused by Bundibugyo Virus — Democratic Republic of the Congo, August 2026 (CDC:MMWR)
• Wastewater for measles (WasterWater Scan)
• Measles cases and outbreaks (CDC Rubeola)
• Big outbreak, bright lights…Measles Dashboard (South Carolina Department of Public Health)
• Utah measles outbreak response (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Utah Measles Dashboard (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Measles (VDH: Virginia Department of Health)
• Tracking Measles Cases in the U.S. (Johns Hopkins)
• HAP’s Latest News Pa. Launches New Measles Dashboard (Hospital + HealthSystem Association of Pennsylvania)
• Measles (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania)
• Measles vaccine recommendations from NYP (jpg)
• Weekly measles and rubella monitoring (Government of Canada)
• Measles (WHO)
• Get the FACTS about measles (NY State Department of Health)
• Measles (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Measles vaccine (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Presumptive evidence of measles immunity (CDC)
• Contraindications and precautions to measles vaccination (CDC)
• Measles (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Measles (CDC: Measles Rubeola)
• Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: evidence bearing on causality (NLM)
• Measles Vaccination: Know the Facts (ISDA: Infectious Diseases Society of America)
• Deaths following vaccination: what does the evidence show (Vaccine)
• Measles in Bangladesh (microbeTV: TWIV)
• Suspected measles cases kill nearly 1,000 as Bangladesh struggles to contain outbreak (AP News)
• Measles Cases and Outbreaks (CDC: Rubeola)
• Laboratory Testing for Measles (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Measles Clinical Diagnosis Fact Sheet (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Measles Serology Testing (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Influenza: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Respiratory virus activity levels (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Flu vaccine recommendations: Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee March 12, 2026 Meeting Announcement (FDA)
• WHO updates all 3 viral strains to be included in fall flu shots (CIDRAP)
• FDA vaccine advisers recommend adding subclade K to fall shots (CIDRAP)
• Weekly surveillance report: clift notes (CDC FluView)
• OPTION 2: XOFLUZA $50 Cash Pay Option (xofluza)
• Early Antiviral Therapy in Pediatric Outpatients and Risk of Influenza-Related Hospitalization (Pediatrics)
• RSV: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• RSV-Network (CDC Respiratory Syncytial virus Infection)
• Vaccines for Adults (CDC: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV))
• Economic Analysis of Protein Subunit and mRNA RSV Vaccination in Adults aged 50-59 Years (CDC: ACIP)
• RSV Immunization Effectiveness and Safety for the 2026-2027 Respiratory Season (JAMA)
• Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Respiratory Illnesses Data Channel (CDC: Respiratory Illnesses)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Moderna Receives U.S. FDA Approval for Updated 2026-2027 COVID-19 Vaccines (Moderna)
• Novavax’s Partnership Strategy Continues to Deliver with XFG-adapted Nuvaxovid™ Approvals in the U.S., EU and Japan for 2026-2027 Vaccination Season (novavax)
• Pfizer and BioNTech Receive U.S. FDA Approval for XFG-adapted COVID-19 Vaccine (Pfizer)
• FDA approves new COVID vaccines (CIDRAP)
• Covid Vaccines Delayed for Half of U.S. Children (NY Times)
• COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness and Safety for the 2026-2027 Respiratory Season (JAMA)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• Infusion center (Prime Fusions)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Help your eligible patients access PAXLOVID with the PAXCESS Patient Support Program (Pfizer Pro)
• Understanding Coverage Options (PAXCESS)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Daniel Griffin’s evidence based medical practices for long COVID (OFID)
• Long COVID hotline (Columbia : Columbia University Irving Medical Center)
• The answers: Long COVID
• Reaching out to US house representative
• Letters read on TWiV 1358
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

Paul Bieniasz joins TWiV to discuss his lab’s discovery that the coronavirus nuclease NSP15 cuts viral RNA into oligonucleotides that are reinserted elsewhere in the viral RNA, generating insertion mutations at a frequency above 10⁻³ per genome, including new furin cleavage sites at the spike S1/S2 junction.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler Guest: Paul Bieniasz

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Support science educationat MicrobeTV
• Genetic innovation in coronaviruses driven by a viral nuclease (bioRxiv)
• Letters readon TWiV 1357
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Picks of the Week

Kathy – Jurassic Museum of Asturias Alan – Grand Central Winter, by Lee Stringer Vincent – How to Choose REAL Extra Virgin Olive Oil: A Practical Guide and How to Tell if Your Olive Oil is Fake! Quick Kitchen Tip!

Listener Pick

Shirley – I Told You So! by Matt Kaplan

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello delve into dengue virus infections in Florida, recent human rabies infections in the US, proposed changes in biomedical funding including “converting” the Department of War into NIAID, the continuing controversy over the deaths of 2 children in Pennsylvania from measles, before Dr. Griffin deep dives into recent statistics RSV, influenza, SARS-CoV-2 infections, approval of new mRNA COVID-19 vaccines by the FDA, and contacting your federal government representative to stop the assault on science and biomedical research.

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Dengue in Florida: Florida Arbovirus Surveillance (Florida Health)
• Nationwide Increase in Reported Human Rabies Exposures: Rabies Post-exposure Prophylaxis Administration (CDC: Health Alert Network)
• NIH proposes major revamp of how it scores research grant proposals (Nature)
• Revealed: inside the US military’s plan to tap huge sums from the NIH (Nature)
• Vaccination Coverage Among Adolescents Aged 13–17 Years — National Immunization Survey-Teen, United States, 2025 (CDC:MMWR)
• Dashboard SCREWWORM.Gov (USDA: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service)
• CDC Activates Emergency Operations Center for New World Screwworm Response (CDC Newroom)
• Ebola dashboard (ebola.fyi)
• EBOLA: The Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2026 (WHO)
• Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak Democratic Republic of the Congo (WHO: Democratic Republic of Congo)
• Ebola Outbreak: Current Situation (CDC:Ebola)
• Notes from the Field: Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Ebola Disease Caused by Bundibugyo Virus — Uganda, 2026 (CDC: MMWR)
• Notes from the Field: Characteristics and Monitoring of the 2026 Outbreak of Ebola Disease Caused by Bundibugyo Virus — Democratic Republic of the Congo, August 2026 (CDC:MMWR)
• Wastewater for measles (WasterWater Scan)
• Measles cases and outbreaks (CDC Rubeola)
• Big outbreak, bright lights…Measles Dashboard (South Carolina Department of Public Health)
• Utah measles outbreak response (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Utah Measles Dashboard (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Measles (VDH: Virginia Department of Health)
• Tracking Measles Cases in the U.S. (Johns Hopkins)
• HAP’s Latest News Pa. Launches New Measles Dashboard (Hospital + HealthSystem Association of Pennsylvania)
• Measles vaccine recommendations from NYP (jpg)
• Measles (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania)
• Weekly measles and rubella monitoring (Government of Canada)
• Measles (WHO)
• Get the FACTS about measles (NY State Department of Health)
• Measles (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Measles vaccine (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Presumptive evidence of measles immunity (CDC)
• Contraindications and precautions to measles vaccination (CDC)
• Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: evidence bearing on causality (NLM)
• Measles Vaccination: Know the Facts (ISDA: Infectious Diseases Society of America)
• Deaths following vaccination: what does the evidence show (Vaccine)
• Pennsylvania Department of Health Confirms Two Measles-Associated Deaths (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania)
• One of two measles-related deaths of unvaccinated people in Pennsylvania was an infant (CNN)
• Kennedy suggests measles deaths fabricated by PA governors (X)
• Measles Cases and Outbreaks (CDC: Rubeola)
• The CDC hasn’t added 2 deaths to its measles database Why? (Washington Post)
• Trump’s new CDC director ordered delay in counting 2 measles-related deaths (CNN)
• Commissioner Josh Parsons: Important information about measles (X)
• Laboratory Testing for Measles (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Measles Clinical Diagnosis Fact Sheet (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• Measles Serology Testing (CDC: Measles (Rubeola)
• The Measles-Stricken Mother Who Lost Her Newborn Son (The Atlantic)
• What We Know About Pennsylvania’s Two ‘Measles-Associated’ Deaths (FactCheck.org)
• What Obstetric Health Care Providers Need to Know About Measles and Pregnancy (Obstetrics & Gynecology)
• Measles and Pregnancy: Immunity and Immunization—What Can Be Learned from Observing Complications during an Epidemic Year(Journal of Pregnancy)
• Measles in pregnancy (cmaj: Canadian Medical Association Journal)
• Physician’s Handbook on Medical Certification of Death (CDC: National Center for Health Statistics)
• CIDRAP Op-Ed: ‘Died with, not from’ was a real COVID problem. It’s the wrong framework for measles. (CIDRAP)
• Influenza: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Respiratory virus activity levels (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Flu vaccine recommendations: Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee March 12, 2026 Meeting Announcement (FDA)
• WHO updates all 3 viral strains to be included in fall flu shots (CIDRAP)
• FDA vaccine advisers recommend adding subclade K to fall shots (CIDRAP)
• Weekly surveillance report: cliff notes (CDC FluView)
• OPTION 2: XOFLUZA $50 Cash Pay Option (xofluza)
• Early Antiviral Therapy in Pediatric Outpatients and Risk of Influenza-Related Hospitalization (Pediatrics)
• RSV: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• RSV-Network (CDC Respiratory Syncytial virus Infection)
• Vaccines for Adults (CDC: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV))
• Economic Analysis of Protein Subunit and mRNA RSV Vaccination in Adults aged 50-59 Years (CDC: ACIP)
• Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Respiratory Illnesses Data Channel (CDC: Respiratory Illnesses)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Moderna Receives U.S. FDA Approval for Updated 2026-2027 COVID-19 Vaccines (Moderna)
• Novavax’s Partnership Strategy Continues to Deliver with XFG-adapted Nuvaxovid™ Approvals in the U.S., EU and Japan for 2026-2027 Vaccination Season (novavax)
• Pfizer and BioNTech Receive U.S. FDA Approval for XFG-adapted COVID-19 Vaccine (Pfizer)
• FDA approves new COVID vaccines (CIDRAP)
• COVID-19 vaccination and risk of post-COVID-19 cardiovascular disease: a population-based cohort and target trial emulation study (EHJ-QCCO)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• Infusion center (Prime Fusions)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Help your eligible patients access PAXLOVID with the PAXCESS Patient Support Program (Pfizer Pro)
• Understanding Coverage Options (PAXCESS)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Daniel Griffin’s evidence based medical practices for long COVID (OFID)
• Long COVID hotline (Columbia : Columbia University Irving Medical Center)
• The answers: Long COVID
• Reaching out to US house representative
• Letters read on TWiV 1356
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

TWiV reviews a landmark paper reporting the first generative design of complete viral genomes using AI, producing 16 viable bacteriophages that overcame antibiotic-resistant bacteria where natural phages could not, and a study suggesting that recombinant shingles vaccination reduces the risk of cardiovascular events.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Support science educationat MicrobeTV
• Recombinant shingles vaccination reduces risk of cardiovascular events (Nat Med)
• AI design of bacteriophages (Science)
• AI-designed viral genomes (Science)
• Letters readon TWiV 1355
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Picks of the Week

Brianne – The Generative AI Learning Penalty: Evidence from Chinese Secondary Education Kathy – Ballista spider’s web to trap aggressive ants here and here Vincent – Microbecharmer from Sarah

Listener Pick

Shirley – The Measles-Stricken Mother Who Lost Her Newborn Son Torsten – The battle over Covid’s origins has come for Bob Garry: A Top Virus Scientist Stared Down Covid Lab-Leak Proponents. Now His Life’s Work Is at Stake

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello remember Dolly Parton and her patronage of science, especially development of the COVID-19 vaccines, if the shingles vaccine protect against cardiovascular events as well as dementia, the continued national cyclosporiasis and screwworm outbreaks, size of the Ebola outbreak in the Congo, the death of 2 children in Pennsylvania from measles and the economic cost of the measles outbreak, before Dr. Griffin deep dives into how to determine the case fatality rate of measles as well as measles outbreaks, recent statistics RSV, influenza, SARS-CoV-2 infections, approval of new mRNA COVID-19 vaccines by the FDA, access and how pay for Paxlovid, where to go for answers about long COVID-19, clinical guidelines for treating long COVID, B-cells-autoimmunity- long COVID, enrolling in a long COVID trial and the use of the COVID antiviral drug to “sop up” chronic virus shedding and contacting your federal government representative to stop the assault on science and biomedical research.

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Dolly Parton adapts her song Jolene as she receives Covid-19 vaccine she helped fund (YouTube)
• Dolly Parton’s major contributions to vaccines and public health (the bmj)
• Recombinant shingles vaccination and the risk of cardiovascular events (Nature Medicine)
• Surveillance of Cyclosporiasis (CDC: Cyclosporiasis)
• Infectious DiseaseOutbreaks (Michigan: Health & Human Services)
• Cyclosporiasis Cases in North Carolina (North Carolina: Division of Public Health)
• Cyclospora Infection (Cyclosporiasis) (NYC Health)
• Missouri Communicable Disease Report (2026) (Missouri Health)
• TWiP 285: Why is cyclospora hard to contain: Parasitologists explain the 2026 US outbreak (microbeTV:TWiP)
• Dashboard SCREWWORM.Gov (USDA: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service)
• CDC Activates Emergency Operations Center for New World Screwworm Response (CDC Newroom)
• FDA Issues Emergency Use Authorization for Generic Drug to Prevent New World Screwworm in Cattle(FDA)
• History of Ebola Outbreaks (CDC: Ebola)
• Democratic Republic of the Congo (OCHA)
• Ebola dashboard (ebola.fyi)
• EBOLA: The Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2026 (WHO)
• Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak Democratic Republic of the Congo(WHO: Democratic Republic of Congo)
• Ebola Outbreak: Current Situation (CDC:Ebola)
• Wastewater for measles (WasterWater Scan)
• Measles cases and outbreaks (CDC Rubeola)
• Big outbreak, bright lights…Measles Dashboard (South Carolina Department of Public Health)
• Utah measles outbreak response (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Utah Measles Dashboard (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Measles (VDH: Virginia Department of Health)
• Tracking Measles Cases in the U.S. (Johns Hopkins)
• Measles vaccine recommendations from NYP (jpg)
• HAP’s Latest News Pa. Launches New Measles Dashboard (Hospital + HealthSystem Association of Pennsylvania)
• Measles (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania)
• Weekly measles and rubella monitoring (Government of Canada)
• Measles (WHO)
• Get the FACTS about measles (NY State Department of Health)
• Measles (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Measles vaccine (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Presumptive evidence of measles immunity (CDC)
• Contraindications and precautions to measles vaccination (CDC)
• Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: evidence bearing on causality (NLM)
• Measles Vaccination: Know the Facts (ISDA: Infectious Diseases Society of America)
• Deaths following vaccination: what does the evidence show (Vaccine)
• Two more kids die. And one more theater show. (Your Local Epidemiologist)
• RFK Jr. says Shapiro’s office may have fabricated measles deaths (Politico)
• ROBERT F. KENNEDY JR. SPEAKS OUT ABOUT VACCINES (Lancaster Patriot)
• Coroner says baby with measles in Pennsylvania died of a ruptured spleen (NBC News)
• Chapter 13: Measles (CDC: Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-preventable Diseases)
• Challenges in measuring measles case fatality ratios in settings without vital registration (Emerging Themes in Epidemiology)
• High attack rates and case fatality during a measles outbreak in groups with religious exemption to vaccination (The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal)
• Oz: MMR vaccine ‘is not a lethal vaccine’ (The Hill)
• RFK Jr: Secretary of Measlesland (Substack: Beyond the Noise)
• ‘Brady Bunch’ episode fuels campaigns against vaccines and Marcia’s miffed (MPRNews)
• Use of Nowcasting to Estimate Real-Time Transmission Trends During a Measles Outbreak — South Carolina, October 2025–March 2026 (CDC:MMWR)
• Fighting measles is expensive. See what it cost to contain 10 cases (Washington Post)
• ‘An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure’ (Netherlands Heart Journal)
• Influenza: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Respiratory virus activity levels (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Flu vaccine recommendations: Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee March 12, 2026 Meeting Announcement (FDA)
• WHO updates all 3 viral strains to be included in fall flu shots (CIDRAP)
• FDA vaccine advisers recommend adding subclade K to fall shots (CIDRAP)
• Weekly surveillance report: cliff notes (CDC FluView)
• OPTION 2: XOFLUZA $50 Cash Pay Option (xofluza)
• RSV: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health)
• US respiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• RSV-Network (CDC Respiratory Syncytial virus Infection)
• Vaccines for Adults (CDC: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV))
• Economic Analysis of Protein Subunit and mRNA RSV Vaccination in Adults aged 50-59 Years (CDC: ACIP)
• Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Respiratory Illnesses Data Channel (CDC: Respiratory Illnesses)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Heterogeneity of Airborne Virus Transmission in the Built Environment: A Narrative Review (Pathogens and Immunity)
• Moderna Receives U.S. FDA Approval for Updated 2026-2027 COVID-19 Vaccines (Moderna)
• Novavax’s Partnership Strategy Continues to Deliver with XFG-adapted Nuvaxovid™ Approvals in the U.S., EU and Japan for 2026-2027 Vaccination Season (novavax)
• Pfizer and BioNTech Receive U.S. FDA Approval for XFG-adapted COVID-19 Vaccine (Pfizer)
• FDA approves new COVID vaccines (CIDRAP)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• Infusion center (Prime Fusions)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Help your eligible patients access PAXLOVID with the PAXCESS Patient Support Program (Pfizer Pro)
• Understanding Coverage Options (PAXCESS)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Daniel Griffin’s evidence based medical practices for long COVID (OFID)
• Long COVID hotline (Columbia : Columbia University Irving Medical Center)
• The answers: Long COVID
• A distinct effector B cell population drives autoantibody production in SARS-CoV-2 infection (Immunity)
• Rapid recruitment for a remote long COVID clinical trial (LANCET:Infectious Diseases)
• Insights from a double-blind, randomized, direct-to-participant intervention trial for Long COVID (medrxiv)
• Nirmatrelvir–ritonavir targeting viral persistence in post-COVID-19 condition (long COVID) in the USA (RECOVER-VITAL): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial (LANCET: Infectious Diseases)
• Reaching out to US house representative
• Letters read on TWiV 1354
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

TWiV explores how bacteriophages enable bet-hedge against bacterial immune defenses, and how transgenic mice engineered to produce human antibodies yielded potent anti-EBV candidates targeting gp350 and gp42, a promising step toward Epstein-Barr therapeutics.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Brianne Barker,and Jolene Ramsey

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Support science educationat MicrobeTV
• Dolly Parton, and advocate for science (Nature)
• Phage bet-hedging (Nat Micro)
• EBV monoclonal antibodies (Cell Rep Med)
• Letters readon TWiV 1353
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Picks of the Week

Brianne – Did life on Earth emerge once or twice? Rich – Cassini Approaches Saturn (Wiki on Cassini) Jolene – Dolly Parton’s rewrite of Jolene song for vaccines on CBS news (Youtube) Vincent – Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman

Listener Pick

John – Dolly Parton Sings Vaccine, Vaccine

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.

In his weekly clinical update, Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello are disheartened by the suggested change in federal vaccine recommendations, how Florida rolled back 4 childhood vaccine school requirements, results from a clinical trial suggesting that IPV can be used for outbreak control in IPV only countries, the continued national cyclosporiasis and screwworm outbreaks, size of the Ebola outbreak in the Congo, the death of 2 children in Pennsylvania from measles and the economic cost of the measles outbreak before Dr. Griffin deep dives into the use of monoclonal antibodies and remdesivir to treat Bundibugyo virus infection, measles outbreak, recent statistics RSV, influenza, SARS-CoV-2 infections, access and how pay for Paxlovid, , where to go for answers about long COVID-19, clinical guidelines for treating long COVID, and contacting your federal government representative to stop the assault on science and biomedical research.

Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email

Become a patron of TWiV!

Links for this episode

• Request for Information: Categories Used in Federal Vaccine Recommendations and the Role of Shared Clinical Decision-Making (Federal Register)
• HHS Seeks Public Input on Federal Vaccine Recommendation Categories and Shared Clinical Decision-Making (US Department of Health and Human Services)
• HPV Vaccination and Risk of Head and Neck Cancers: A Large Real-World Cohort Study (International Society for Infectious Diseases)
• Monkeypox Virus Surveillance — United States, 2024–2025 (CDC: MMWR)
• Clinical Trials(ClinicalTrials.gov)
• Effect of inactivated poliovirus vaccine on nasal mucosal immunity and pharyngeal shedding following novel oral poliovirus vaccine type 2 challenge: A randomized, open-label trial (JID)
• IPOL package insert (FDA)
• Florida Prepares to Roll Back School Vaccine Requirements (NOTUS)
• Florida’s Department of Health removes 4 vaccines from required list for public schools (CIDRAP)
• Surveillance of Cyclosporiasis (CDC: Cyclosporiasis)
• Infectious Disease Outbreaks (Michigan: Health & Human Services)
• Cyclosporiasis Cases in North Carolina (North Carolina: Division of Public Health)
• Cyclospora Infection (Cyclosporiasis) (NYC Health)
• Missouri Communicable Disease Report (2026) (Missouri Health)
• TWiP 285: Why is cyclospora hard to contain: Parasitologists explain the 2026 US outbreak (microbeTV:TWiP)
• Dashboard SCREWWORM.Gov (USDA: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service)
• CDC Activates Emergency Operations Center for New World Screwworm Response (CDC Newroom)
• Ebola virus (AP News)
• What to know about the outbreak of a rare kind of Ebola (AP News)
• Congo’s Ebola outbreak is on track to surpass the deadliest one in history, WHO chief says (AP News)
• A look at major Ebola outbreaks and when the disease was first identified (AP News)
• Mobile gold miners in eastern Congo complicate health workers’ efforts to contain Ebola (AP News)
• How Congo is battling an Ebola outbreak complicated by aid cuts, armed rebels and anger (AP News)
• Here’s data showing Congo’s Ebola outbreak is on track to surpass history’s largest (AP News)
• Ebola dashboard (ebola.fyi)
• EBOLA: The Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2026 (WHO)
• Bundibugyo virus disease outbreak Democratic Republic of the Congo (WHO: Democratic Republic of Congo)
• Ebola Outbreak: Current Situation (CDC:Ebola)
• A case of Bundibugyo virus disease treated with monoclonal antibodies and remdesivir (Nature Medicine)
• Post-Exposure Prophylaxis with a monoclonal antibody cocktail Following Bundibugyo Ebolavirus Exposure in Adults and Children (Nature Medicine)
• Wastewater for measles (WasterWater Scan)
• Measles cases and outbreaks (CDC Rubeola)
• Big outbreak, bright lights…Measles Dashboard (South Carolina Department of Public Health)
• Utah measles outbreak response (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Utah Measles Dashboard (Utah Department of Health and Human Services)
• Measles (VDH: Virginia Department of Health)
• Tracking Measles Cases in the U.S. (Johns Hopkins)
• Measles vaccine recommendations from NYP (jpg)
• HAP’s Latest News Pa. Launches New Measles Dashboard (Hospital + HealthSystem Association of Pennsylvania)
• Measles (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania)
• Pennsylvania Department of Health Confirms Two Measles-Associated Deaths (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania)
• Weekly measles and rubella monitoring (Government of Canada)
• Measles (WHO)
• Get the FACTS about measles (NY State Department of Health)
• Measles (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Measles vaccine (CDC Measles (Rubeola))
• Presumptive evidence of measles immunity (CDC)
• Contraindications and precautions to measles vaccination (CDC)
• Adverse events associated with childhood vaccines: evidence bearing on causality (NLM)
• Measles Vaccination: Know the Facts (ISDA: Infectious Diseases Society of America)
• Deaths following vaccination: what does the evidence show (Vaccine)
• Do vaccinated cases transmit measles? A systematic review and meta-analysis (Expert Review of Vaccines)
• County, district and community-level measles transmission in the United States in 2013−2025 (Nat Medicine)
• Quantifying the cost of measles outbreak in the U.S. and how costs scale with outbreak size (Vaccine)
• Each measles case in 2025 US outbreak cost almost $60,000, study estimates, or $134 million total (CIDRAP)
• Influenza: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• USrespiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Respiratory virus activity levels (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• Flu vaccine recommendations: Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee March 12, 2026 Meeting Announcement (FDA)
• WHO updates all 3 viral strains to be included in fall flu shots (CIDRAP)
• FDA vaccine advisers recommend adding subclade K to fall shots (CIDRAP)
• Weekly surveillance report: cliff notes (CDC FluView)
• OPTION 2: XOFLUZA $50 Cash Pay Option(xofluza)
• RSV: Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• Respiratory Diseases (Yale School of Public Health)
• USrespiratory virus activity (CDC Respiratory Illnesses)
• RSV-Network (CDC Respiratory Syncytial virus Infection)
• Vaccines for Adults (CDC: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection (RSV))
• Economic Analysis of Protein Subunit and mRNA RSV Vaccination in Adults aged 50-59 Years (CDC: ACIP)
• Waste water scan for 11 pathogens (WastewaterSCan)
• COVID-19 deaths (CDC)
• Respiratory Illnesses Data Channel (CDC: Respiratory Illnesses)
• COVID-19 national and regional trends (CDC)
• COVID-19 variant tracker (CDC)
• SARS-CoV-2 genomes galore (Nextstrain)
• Cardiac outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection versus BNT162b2 vaccination in adolescents and young adults: a cohort study of 4 million individuals (Vaccine)
• mRNA COVID vaccine linked to lower risk of myocarditis in teens, youngadults (CIDRAP)
• Where to get pemgarda (Pemgarda)
• EUA for the pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 (INVIYD)
• Infusion center (Prime Fusions)
• CDC Quarantine guidelines (CDC)
• NIH COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH)
• Drug interaction checker (University of Liverpool)
• Help your eligible patients access PAXLOVID with the PAXCESS Patient Support Program (Pfizer Pro)
• UnderstandingCoverage Options (PAXCESS)
• Trump OfficialsFalsely Connect Covid Vaccines to Miscarriage (NY Times)
• Infectious Disease Society guidelines for treatment and management (ID Society)
• Molnupiravir safety and efficacy (JMV)
• Convalescent plasma recommendation for immunocompromised (ID Society)
• What to do when sick with a respiratory virus (CDC)
• Managing healthcare staffing shortages (CDC)
• Anticoagulation guidelines (hematology.org)
• Daniel Griffin’s evidence based medical practices for long COVID (OFID)
• Long COVID hotline (Columbia : Columbia University Irving Medical Center)
• The answers: Long COVID Reaching out to US house representative
• Letters read on TWiV 1352
• Dr. Griffin’s COVID treatment summary (pdf)
• Timestamps by Jolene Ramsey. Thanks!

Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees

Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Content in this podcast should not be construed as medical advice.